112 AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY. 



notum. This is prolonged backwards over the abdomen to or 



beyond its extremity (Fig. 103). The head is deeply set in the 



pronotum, and the presternum is expanded into 



a broad border which partially envelops the mouth 



like a muffler. The antennae are very slender and 



„... short. The tegmina are rudimentary, being in the 



riG. 103. — lettix. o J 1 o 



form of small, rough scales, while the wings are usu- 

 ally well developed. These locusts differ, also, from all others in 

 having no pulvilli between the claws of the tarsi. 



The Tettiginae are commonly found in low, wet places, and on 

 the borders of streams. Their colors are usually dark, and are often 

 protective, closely resembling that of the soil upon which the insects 

 occur. They are very active, and possess great leaping powers. 



Three genera of this sub-family are represented in this country. 

 These can be separated by the following table : 



A. Pronotum arched roundly, antennae 12-jointed. Batrachidea. 

 AA. Pronotum nearly or quite horizontal. 



B. Antennae 13- or 14-jointed. Tettix. 



BB. Antennae 22-jointed. Tettigidea. 



Family VI. — LOCUSTID^E.* 



{Long-horned Grasshoppers and Katydids.) 



The members of this family are easily recognized. They differ 

 from the Acrididae in the great length of the antennae, which are 

 longer than the body. From the Gryllidae, which they resemble in 

 the length of the antennae, they are distinguished by the form of the 

 ovipositor, which is compressed and sword-shaped ; and by the four- 

 jointed tarsi. As with the Crickets, the tegmina of the males are 

 furnished with a musical apparatus. But this occupies a much 

 smaller part of the tegmina than with the Crickets. Excepting this 

 small area, the anal, the tegmina, when at rest, are vertical. 



The name of this family, as is the custom, is derived from the 

 name of its typical genus, Locnsta. But the insects which are rightly 

 termed in popular language Locusts belong to the preceding family, 

 the Acrididae. That is, to that family belong the insects spoken of 

 in the Bible, and in modern European works, as locusts. In this 

 country, unfortunately, the term grasshopper has been used to in- 

 clude both the true grasshoppers, i.e., the Locustidae, and the true 

 locusts: while the term locust has been applied to an insect of an- 



* Locustidse, Locusta: Locnsta, a locust. 



