ORTHOPTERA. 1 13 



other order, the Cicada. In order to avoid confusion, I have referred 

 to the members of the Locustidae and the Acridiida; as Long-horned 

 Grasshoppers and Short-horned Grasshoppers respectively. It is 

 better, however, to call the former Grasshoppers, and the latter Lo- 

 custs. This last term should never be applied to the well-known 

 insect which appears once in seventeen years ; this is rightly called 

 the Periodical Cicada. 



Representatives of each of the more common genera of the North- 

 eastern United States are mentioned below. These genera can be 

 separated by the following table :* 



A. Wingless, or with rudimentary wings and wing-covers. 

 B. Pronotum not extended over the ineso- and metanotum. 



i. Ceuthophilus. 

 BB. Pronotum extended over meso- and metanotum. 9. Thyreonotus. 

 AA. Winged. 



B. Tegmina expanded in the middle. 



C. Tegmina much broadened in the middle, concave. 5. Cyrtophyllus. 

 CC. Tegmina somewhat broadened in the middle, not concave. 



D. Ovipositor very small. 7. Mjcrocentrum. 



DD. Ovipositor of medium size. 6. Amblycorphya. 



BB. Tegmina not expanded in the middle. 



C. Vertex of the head with a conical projection forwards. 



4. CONOCEPHALUS. 



CC. Vertex of the head without a conical projection. 



D. Ovipositor straight, or very nearly so ; insect small. 2. Xiphidium. 

 DD. Ovipositor curved ; insect large. 



E. Ovipositor curved sharply upwards. 8. SCUDDERIA. 



EE. Ovipositor sword-shaped. 3. Orchelimu.m. 



In order to facilitate the study of the Locustarians, our common 

 genera can be arranged in four groups ; namely, the Cricket-like 

 Grasshoppers, the Meadow Grasshoppers, the Katydids, and the 

 Shield-backed Grasshoppers. 



I. The Crickct-likc Grasshoppers. 



1. Ceuthophilus. — To the genus Ceuthophilus belong certain 

 wingless grasshoppers, which bear some resemblance in form to 

 crickets (Fig. 104). They have a short, thick body and remarkably 

 stout hind femora, like a cricket, but are entirely destitute of teg- 

 mina and wings. All the species in our collection are cither of a 

 pale brown or dirty white color and more or less mottled with either 



* After S. H. Scudder, Boston Journal Natural History, Vol. VII. p. 414. 



