Garden White Butterflies, 



337 



turn to chrysalids, which produce butterflies m the spring following. As in the 

 case of the large white, our native-grown butterflies are at times largely reinforced 

 by the mmiigration of swarms from the Continent. 



There is another species of similar proportions to those of the small garden 

 white, which, when on the wing, is scarcely distinguishable from it. This is tlie 

 green-\-eined \\hite,i whose chief distinction is indicated in its name. The veinings 

 of the wings are dusted with black scales, and on the under side of the hind- wings 

 the mixing of these with the yellow ground-colour produces the effect of green. 

 Although the butterflies may be seen flying over gardens, they do not have their 

 origin there. This is a butterfly of the woodside, green lanes, meadows, and marshes. 

 The caterpillar is very like that of the small white, but its green colour is paler, 

 and it lacks the central \-ellow line. The broken line along the sides is here more 

 distinctly resolved into a single spot upon each segment of the body. Although 

 true to its relative's taste for plants of the cabbage tribe, this prefers the wild 

 species, such as garlic-mustard, wintercress, and watercress. The chrxsalis, though 

 in general like that of the small white, is pale green in colour. There are two broods 

 as in the other species. 



Of similar proportions and superficial appearance is the batli white or chequered 

 white,- which, however, is only doubtfully a native of these islands, though it is 

 common in Europe. From time to time specimens have been taken living in this 

 country, mosth' on or near the South Coast, and the presumption is that like the 



Photo by] 



The Work of the Caterpillar ov the Large White. 



The photograph represents a portion of a bed of broccoli which has been attaekid by the caterpillars of the large garden white butterlly. 

 All the softer portions of the large leaves have been consumed and only the midribs and the stouter brnnehes have been left to show 

 the completeness of the havoc that has been wrought. 



'^ Pieris napi. 



P (la])lidice. 



