THE DOG FAMILY— BADGER-DOG. 



221 



Bulldogs were kept in greater numbers than now. 

 for at the present time they are seldom seen, except 

 in the possession of Dog-fanciers. 



The Boxer, an The Breed of Bulldog known as 

 Especially Pugna- the Boxer ( Ca/iis familiaris molos- 

 cious Bulldog. sus / v p U i, s ) i s mos t frequently seen 

 in England. More than the Bulldog proper he is 

 regarded as a ferocious, dull-witted animal, though 

 he possesses these qualities only in a limited degree. 

 He is affectionate and faithful to his master, but he 

 must know him well, and also know that the master's 

 mental powers are superior to his own physical ones; 

 else he thinks he can accomplish with Man what he 

 succeeds in doing with beasts. He is extraordina- 

 rily imperious and is addicted to vicious biting, and 

 he really enjoys killing other animals. It must be 

 stated to his praise, that his courage is still greater 

 than his really formidable strength. 



What the Boxer has once seized, he cannot be 

 easily made to relinquish. If a stick or handker- 

 chief be held out to him, and he closes his powerful 

 jaws upon it, one can lift the Boxer by this tightly 

 held object, swing him or throw him on his back, 

 without succeeding in making him release his tena- 

 cious hold. 



There are some Mastiffs which are not agreeable 

 companions to Man. Instances are on record where 

 they have placed their own new master in a state of 

 siege, and have refused to permit him to move. It 

 is therefore easy to understand why Bulldogs are not 

 kept to any great extent nowadays. They are not 

 so stupid as they are supposed 

 to be, and there are individuals 

 among them whose sagacity nearly 

 equals that of the Poodle. 



I knew such a Dog, which af- 

 forded much pleasure by his sagac- 

 ity. When his master said: "Go, 

 get a cab," he went to the nearest 

 cab-stand, jumped into a vehicle 

 and barked until the driver started; 

 then he either directed him by 

 barking, or ran in front. 



The Pug, a Cari- To the Mastiffs be- 



cature Among longs that cari- 

 Dogs. cature of a Dog, if 



such I may term him, the Pug 

 ( Canis familiaris, molossus fucator ) , 

 which is really a diminutive Bull- 

 dog, with the same peculiarly trun- 

 cated muzzle and curled tail. His 

 stout, vigorous build and distrust- 

 ful, grumpy character closely par- 

 take of the Bulldog type. 



The Pug was widely spread in 

 former times, then became nearly 

 extinct and lately has again be- 

 come very common. He is easily 

 spoiled and petted, and in conse- 

 quence becomes capricious and 

 naughty, and is an abomination to a great many 

 .people. 



Mastiffs Formerly A large species of the Mastiff was 

 Used as Man- used for a brutal practice in former 

 Chasers. times. It was trained to catch 



Men, throw them down and even kill them. At the 

 invasion of Mexico by the Spaniards, such Dogs 

 were used both as fighters and trackers, and one of 

 them, called Becerillo, is celebrated, or rather, noto- 

 rious. His courage and his sagacity were equally 

 extraordinary. He occupied a high rank among 



the Dogs and received double rations of food. 

 During an attack he used to rush into the middle 

 of the band of opposing Indians, seize one by the 

 arm and lead him away captive. Such captives as 

 obeyed, he did not harm, but any Indian who re- 

 fused to go with him, he threw down and strangled. 

 He knew the conquered Indians from the enemies 

 and never touched the former. 



As late as 1798 these Dogs were used for the 

 same purposes, not by the Spaniards but by English- 

 men who employed them in the chase of Men. 



The Magnificent A Mastiff which was known by 

 Dog of Tibet the Romans, is the Dog of Tibet 

 Described. (Cains familiaris molossus tibctamis) 



a magnificent, beautiful, large animal of really awe- 

 inspiring appearance. One glance suffices to show 

 that this Mastiff is the giant among Dogs and is 

 distinguished as much for his nobility of form as for 

 beauty of color. He is black, for the greater part, 

 but the muzzle and eyebrows are yellowish; the 

 hair is long and rough. In his native country this 

 animal is considered as useful as he is docile; and 

 he is therefore found in all mountain villages of 

 Tibet, as guardian both of flocks and houses. 



THE BADGER-DOGS. 



A group very different from that of the Mastiffs is 

 that of the Badger-Dogs or Dachshunds {Cards fami- 

 liaris vertagus). They are among the most peculiar 

 and remarkable of Dogs. The body is long, round 

 and arched downward, the back being bent in that 



THE SCHWEISZHUND, OR GERMAN BLOODHOUND. A valuable Hound, principally 



bred in Germany, stout of body, bold in disposition, with a keen scent and a cool head, is the Schweisz- 

 hund. It is allied to the Pointer and Retriever m its main characteristics, but its more vigorous build 

 makes it even more valuable than these in the pursuit of large game. The very large, pendent ears, the 

 overhanging upper lip, and the great development of the chest, are marked characteristics shown in 

 this illustration. [Canis familiaris sagax sanguinarius.) 



direction; the legs are short and crooked, the head 

 and muzzle large and furnished with a set of good, 

 serviceable teeth, the ears are pendent, the paws 

 large and provided with sharp claws. The hair is 

 short, sleek and coarse. The legs are very short, 

 clumsy and strong; the wrist-joints of the fore legs 

 are crooked inward to such an extent that they 

 nearly touch each other, and from this point they 

 again assume an outward curve; the hind legs have 

 the last toe placed higher than the others and pro- 

 vided with a claw. The tail reaches nearly to the 



