Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 
Vol.111 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER, 1915 Nos. 11-12 
NEW NEARCTIC CRANE-FLIES IN THE UNITED 
STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 
(Diptera, Tipulidcs) 
By CHARI^ES P. ALEXANDER, Ithaca, N. Y.^ 
The following species of crane-flies are for the most part 
contained in the collection of the National Museum. The spe- 
cies will be figured in reports by the author now in course of 
completion. I am indebted to Mr. Frederick Knab for the 
privilege of studying the crane-flies of the National Collection. 
A number of the names of crane-flies of the genus Tipula of 
the eastern United States and Canada are preoccupied by 
earlier names in this genus and are renamed below. There is 
considerable difference of opinion as to what constitutes a pre- 
occupied name, but the rules of the nomenclatural codes are 
clear upon this point, and if we are ever to have stability we 
must conform to these rules. In the International Code of 
Zoological Nomenclature (1905), article 35, is stated, "A spe- 
cific name is to be rejected as a homonym when it has previ- 
ously been used from some other species of the same genus." 
The Entomological Code (1912), paragraph 61, is as follows: 
"In case of primary homonyms the later name shall be changed, 
no matter to what genus they are now referred." The papers 
cited below are Gmelin's "System"^ and de Villers' "Entomo- 
logia."^ 
'Contribution from the Entomological Department of Cornell Uni- 
versity. 
"Gmelin. Systema Naturae von C. Linnaeus. Edition 13, Tom, 1, pars. 
5, 1792. _ 
Me Villers, Carolo. Caroli Linngei Entomologia Faunae Suecicae de- 
scriptionibus aucta, vol. 3, 1789. 
127 
