INJURIOUS AND BENEFICIAL INSECTS OF CALIFORNIA. 



51 



of many plants, but especially the strawberry. It also feeds upon the 

 fruit of the orange, causing a russeting, as does the citrus red spider. 



Fig. 44. — Alfalfa leaves showing wheat thrips Franklinlella tritici 

 (Fitch), and the discolorations caused by their work. Enlarged three 

 times. (Original) 



Distribution. — This is one of the most abundant species throughout 

 the entire State. It is specially common in alfalfa fields. 



Food Plants.— Alfalfa, grass, lilac, manzanita, orange, rose, Cali- 

 fornia sage, and strawberry are recorded as hosts of this thrips. 



Control. — Control measures for this thrips are the same as recom- 

 mended for the bean and citrus thrips, depending upon the host 

 attacked. 



THE BEAN THRIPS 



Heliothrips fasciatus Pergande (Family Thripidse) 

 (Figs. 45, 46) 



Description.— The adult insect is black with head and thorax dark 

 brown ; antenna? are whitish with tips dark ; legs are black and yellow ; 

 front wings are blackish with white base; posterior wings uniformly 

 yellow with dark fringes. The young stages are lighter in appearance 

 than the adult. 



Life History.— According to Mr. H. M. Russell the insects hiber- 

 nate in the adult stage only, under leaves, rubbish, etc. They begin to 

 emerge about January and immediately commence egg-laying. The 

 eggs are inserted in the leaves or tender stems. The young begin feed- 

 ing soon after hatching. When ready to pupate the larvae seek shelter 

 under rubbish or in the ground, where the nymphal stage is completed 

 and the adults emerge. There is an overlapping of broods, so that 



