Io6 LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



leaves and young shoots. They live in the high trees of the 

 forest and near to water, or in rocky hills, in moderately-sized 

 troops composed of males, females, young, and infants clasping 

 their mothers. An old male is occasionally found solitary. Two 

 communities often enter into deadly combat for possession of 

 some fruit grove, an interesting account of one of which is given 

 by Mr. J. Hughes in the ' Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of 

 Bengal' for 1884." They are at all times very active. ''Their 

 voice," continues Dr. Blanford, whose account we have con- 

 densed, "is loud and is often heard, especially in the morning 

 and evening. The two commonest sounds emitted by them are 

 a loud, joyous, rather musical call, a kind of whoop generally 

 uttered when they are bounding from tree to tree, and a harsh 

 guttural note, denoting alarm or danger. The latter is the cry 

 familiar to the tiger hunter, among whose best friends is the 

 Hanuman. Safely ensconced on a lofty tree, or jumping from 

 one tree to another as the tiger moves, the Monkey by gesture 

 and cry points out the position of its deadly enemy in the 

 bushes or grass beneath, and swears at him heartily." 



The Hanuman is of very tender constitution, and cannot 

 bear up against great changes of climate and temperature and 

 necessarily of elevation ; it is, therefore, entirely restricted to 

 the warm lowland regions. 1 here is, according to Captain T. 

 Hutton, no true migration of this species from the upper to 

 the lower districts of Bengal, as has been staged. " I am in- 

 clined," writes this observe-, " to restrict its range, somewhat 

 loosely perhaps, to between 10° and 25° N. lat. and 75^ to 

 88^ E. long., forming with the line drawn across the country 

 from Allahabad to Boondee, a triangular range entirely south 

 of the rivers Jumna and Ganges." 



