196 Lloyd's natural historV. 



Adventures of Andrew Battell, of Leigh in Essex, sent by the 

 Portugals prisoner to Angola, who lived there and in the adioin- 

 ing regions neere eighteene yeares." It was first published 

 in 1 61 3 in "Purchas his Pilgrimage," and latermore fully in 

 1625, in "Purchas his Pilgrimes."* Here it is related that in the 

 Province of Mayombe, " which is nineteen leagues from Longo 

 along the Coast, the woods are so covered with baboones, 

 monkies, apes, and parrots that it will fear any man to travaile 

 in them alone. Here are also two kinds of monsters, which 

 are common in these woods, and very dangerous. The greatest 

 of these two monsters is called Pongo, in their language, and 

 the lesser is called Engeco." The Pongo turned out to be 

 the Gorilla, the description given by the old prisoner Battell 

 proving to be wonderfully accurate. The lesser monster, the 

 Engeco, is equally certainly the Chimpanzee. The first record 

 of a specimen actually seen in Europe is in 1641, and is 

 noticed by Tulpius in his " Medical Observations," and the 

 earliest scientific description of a Chimpanzee— a young speci- 

 men of A. troglodytes — is that of the anatomists Tyson and 

 Cowper, published by the Royal Society in 1699. It was, how- 

 ever, not till 1835, that the osteology of a full-grown specimen 

 was described, when Sir Richard Owen's memoir appeared, and 

 shortly after a very detailed account of its habits was given to 

 the world by Dr. Thomas Savage, the missionary to whom we 

 have already referred (p. 184), followed by a further anatomical 

 mvestigation of its structure by Dr. Wyman, of Boston, U.S.A. 



■Distribution. — This species is found over the greater part of 

 Tropical Central Africa, and its range is co-extensive with that 

 given above for the genus. Loango and the Gaboon, however, 



* Huxley's "Natural History of the Man-like Apes," p. 5. 



