357 



Sept. 1840 (Arch. f. Naturgesch., 6. Jahrg. Bd. I, 322) and has A. carini- 

 fera Lamarck for type. Thus the name would be available only for the 

 group now called Oymnasteria, if it were not antedated by Asterope~M. 

 and T. (see under Gymnasteria). Perrierlong ago restricted Asteropsis 

 to a quite different genus, namely to Lamarck's Asterias vernicina. 

 Müller and Troschel's Asteropsis was monotypic so that Gray's name 

 Petricia 2 is the correct one for the genus, which Perrier and Sladen 

 incorrectly called Asteropsis. The mistake has been largely drue to the 

 fact that authors have quoted the System der Ästenden as the source 

 of the name, whereas it was published two years earlier, as noted above. 



3) Astropecten. This pre-Linnaean name is now attributed to 

 Schulze's »Betrachtung der versteinerten Seesterne und ihrer Theile«, 

 1760. Schulze, on careful examination, turns out to be not a real bino- 

 mialist. His so-called binomials are but descriptive terms in imitation 

 of Linck's names, and are not used in the sense of genus and species, 

 as even a hasty examination of the book will reveal. Schulze divided 

 all true starfishes into three genera according to the number of arms. 

 To show that he had no conception of a genus in the modern sense, it 

 is only necessary to point out that the »genus« in which his y Astropecten 

 regularise is placed was called »quinque fidae«. Another genus he 

 called »stellae oligactae«. Most of his names are not binomial in 

 form, however, but are single. Even if the dual names were genus 

 and species (which they are not] still Schulze would not be a consistent 

 binomialist, and his names would not be tenable under modern rules 

 of nomenclature. 



Astropecten, however, was given binomial standing by Gray 1840. 

 Nardo's previously described Stellarla (18.34) is not available on account 

 of Stellaria Moeller, 1832, for a genus of Molluscs. Fortunately, there- 

 fore, the old name will not have to be changed, but the authority for it 

 becomes »Gray, 1840«. 



4) Crenaster Perrier 1885. This is invalidated by Crenaster d'Or- 

 bigny (Prodrome de Paleontologie, t. i., 1850, 240) a synonym of Astro- 

 pecten Gray. Crenaster Perrier is probably not district from Dytaster 

 Sladen. 



5) Cribella Agassiz, 1835, is a pure synonym of Lincida Nardo 1834. 

 Cribella Forbes 1841 (not of Agassiz) is antedated by Henricia Gray, 

 1840, the correct name of the group of which Asterias sanguinolenta 

 O. F. Müller is type. 



6) Ctenaster Perrier, 1881. This is invalidated by Ctenaster Agas- 

 siz, 1835, a substitute name for Asterina Nardo, 1834. Ctenaster Perrier 



2 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847. 81; type P. punctata Gray = A. vernicina Lam. 



