358 



is a good genus, and being without a name may be called Laetmaster, 

 the type and only known species being Ctenaster spectabilis Perrier. 



7) Dvplasterias Perrier, 1891. The type is Asterias sulci fera (Perrier). 

 The genus is antedated by Cosmasterias Sladen, same type. This in turn 

 is long antedated hj Pisaster 3 Müller and Troschel — type, Asterias och ia- 

 cea Brandt, which is congeneric with A. sulcifera. Podasterias Perrier, 

 type Diplasterias lui 'Jceni Per. (not Pisaster liitkeni Stimpson, sp.), is ano- 

 ther synonym of Pisaster. Diplasterias is a very artificial group, as consti- 

 tuted by Perrier, and is not coextensive with Pisaster, but is syno- 

 nymous an account of the relationship of the types. Perrier repudiated 

 the name, which should have been allowed a painless death, but Koehler 

 has resurrected it for two new species in his report on the echinoderms 

 of the Expedition Antarctique Française (1906). This use of the name 

 is to be deplored. > 



8) Goniodon Perrier, 1894. This name is invalidated by the earlier 

 Goniodon, C. L. Herrick, Denison University Scientif. Lab. Bull. Ill 

 (Apr.) 1888, 4, for a mollusc. Goniodon Perrier may be called Diplo- 

 dontias, type, Pentagonaster dilatatus Per. 



9) Gymnasteria Gray, Dec. 1840. Within the year 1840 Asterias 

 carini fera Lamarck was used as the type of three genera: Asterope^ 

 Müller and Troschel, Asteropsis 5 M. and T., and Gymnasteria Gray 6 . 

 Müller and Troschel believed that their Asterope was invalidated by 

 Asterope Philippi (for a crustacean) published the same year in Arch, 

 f. Naturgesch. , part 2, June, page 186. For this reason they changed 

 the name to Asteropsis. But Philippi's name was not published until 

 June while Müller and Troschel's appeared in April. A reprint of 

 Philippi's article in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, VI, 

 Sept. 1840, page 89, states that the original appeared in the Wieg- 

 mann's Archiv, Part 2, June 1840, thus fixing the date. Consequently 

 there is no, reason why Asterope M. and T. being valid, should not re- 

 place Gymnasterias Gray. The family Gymnasteriidae will become 

 Asteropidae. 



10) Patirla Grey, 1840. This genus has for type a true Asterina 7 

 i. e., Patirla coccinea Gray = Asteriscus coccineus M. & T., 1842 = 

 Asterina coccinea (Gray) Perrier 1875. Patiria was monotypic when 

 described and consequently has no other status than as a synonym of 

 Asterina. Perrier, with his usual freedom of treatment, excluded the 



3 Arch. f. Naturgesch. 6. Jahrg. Bd. I. 1840. 367; System der Ästenden, 1842. 

 20. Type Asteracanthion margaritifer M. and T. (= Asterias ochracea Brandt). 



4 Monatsber. d. Kgl. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin. April 1840. 104. 



5 Arch. f. Naturgesch. 6. Jahrg. Bd. I. Sept. ;about 1840. 322. 

 fi Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. VI. Dec. 1840. 278. 



