PYRAUSTID^—PYRAUSTA. 173 



common throughout England, and plentiful in the South as 

 well as along the coast. In South Wales so abundant that 

 late in the afternoon I have seen it, on the coast cliffs of 

 Pembrokeshire, in thousands, every step that I took disturb- 

 ing a host which would fly in every direction, like rays from 

 a centre, but almost every specimen settling again within a 

 few yards. Equally common in Glamorganshire, and perhaps 

 occurring throughout Wales, since it is found in Carnarvon- 

 shire and Flintshire. In Scotland, on hillsides in Fife, Perth- 

 shire, Kosburghshire, Wigtownshire, Arran, Aberdeenshire, 

 Kincardineshire, 3Ioray, the Orkneys, and in a strongly 

 coloured form in the Shetland Isles. It seems to frequent 

 dry pastures throughout Ireland. Abroad it inhabits the 

 whole Contiueut of Europe except the coldest regions, beino- 

 common in Turkey, also extending through Asia Minor, 

 Syria, India, Afghanistan, and Eastern Siberia. 



5. P. sanguinalis, Z.— Expanse I to | inch (12-15 

 mm.). Fore wings narrow, yellow, the costa crimson; a 

 central light crimson band is forked, or broadened as it 

 approaches the costa ; a broader similar band lies along the 

 hind margin. Hind wings pale smoky brown. 



Antennas of the male slender, threadlike, black-brown ; 

 palpi slender, projecting, purple-brown ; head dull yellow j 

 thorax of the same colour, with a crimson-purple cloud on 

 each side ; abdomen shining grey-brown. Fore wings 

 narrowly trigonate, pointed at the apex, and the margins 

 very straight, the hinder quite oblique ; pale sulphur-yellow, 

 with the costa crimson to beyond the middle; a central 

 transverse crimson stripe or band, greatly widened above the 

 middle, or forked to enclose a dull yellow costal patch, is 

 followed by another crimson stripe which occupies the hind 

 margin and apex ; cilia shining yellowish white. Hind wings 

 rather long, rounded behind, smoke colour, darker toward 

 the hind margin ; cilia paler. Female similar. 



Underside of the fore wings pale smoky brown, with the 



