Plate XXXI 



Larvae of Tipula 



Fig. 1. Tipula sp. 7, oandal view of apical segment. 

 Fig. 2. The same, dorsal view of head, one side. 

 Fig. 3. The same, ventral view of head, one side. 

 Fig. 4. Tipula sp. 4, dorsal view of fi-onto-clypeal I'cgion of 

 head and antennae. 



The same, caudal view of apical segment. 



Tipula sj). 6, dorsal view of apical segment. 



The same, candal view of ai)ical segment. 



Tipula sp. 1, caudal view of apical segment. 



Tipula sp. 2, frontal plate of head. 

 Fig. 10. Pacliyrrliina ferruginca, frontal plate of head. 

 I'ig. 11. Tipula sp. 7, lateral view of hy]iopharynx, showing 



oesophageal opening. 

 Fig. 12. Tipula sp. 3, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 13. Tipula sp. 2, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 14. Tipula sp. 7, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 15. Tipula sp. 4, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 



