Tortricidse 



which survives the attacks of these insects and develops suffi- 

 ciently to come to market and to the mouth of the consumer, 



there are scores of apples 

 and pears the development 

 of which is entirely ruined, 

 and they fall to the ground 

 undersized and worthless. 

 There are two broods of the 

 insects annually. The sec- 

 ond brood hibernates in the 

 cocoon. We quote again 

 from Riley: "The same 

 temperature which causes 

 our apple-trees to burst their 

 beauteous blossoms releases 

 the coddling-moth from its 

 pupal tomb, and though its 

 v/ings are still damp with 

 the imprint of the great 

 Stereotyping Establishment 

 of the Almighty, they soon 

 dry and expand under the genial spring-day sun, and enable each 

 to seek its companion. . . . The moths soon pair, and the fem.ale 

 flits from blossom to blossom, deftly depositing in the calyx of 

 each a tiny yellow egg. As the fruit matures, the worm develops. 

 In thirty-three days, under favorable circumstances, it has become 

 full-fed; when, leaving the apple, it spins up in some crevice, 

 changes to a chrysalis in three days, and issues two weeks after- 

 wards as moth, ready to deposit again, though not always in the 

 favorite calyx this time, as I have frequently found the young 

 Vv'orm entering from the side." 



The best remedy for the coddling-moth is to destroy all wind- 

 falls and immature fruit lying upon the ground. Make it a duty 

 to keep the wind-fallen fruit garnered up once a week and fed to 

 the pigs. Let the pigs into the orchard, if possible. Bind bands 

 of hay about the trees. The caterpillars will form their cocoons 

 among the hay in preference to any other place. Once a week 

 crush the hay with the cocoons in it, and move the band up and 

 down. Burn the wisp of hay if it gets full of cocoons, and bind 



420 



Fig. 241. — C. pomonella. a, burrow in 

 apple; b, point where egg is laid; e, full- 

 grown larva ; d, pupa ; f, moth at rest ; 

 g, moth with winces expanded; h, enlarged 

 head of larva; /, cocoon. (After Riley.) 



