INTRODUCTION. XXVIl 



meet with such names as Botys thcsa/salis, B. siriitsalis, Sec, on 

 page after page of this portion of his Catalogue. 



In 1776, Denis and Schiffermiiller pubHshed their "Systema- 

 tisches Verzeichniss der SchmetterHnge dcr Wienergegcnd '' (a 

 book frequently quoted simply as "S. V." or "W. V." by authors), 

 in which they laid great stress on the importance of larval 

 characters in classification. Their arrangement of the moths 

 corresponded fairly with that of Linnceus ; but they placed the 

 Butterflies qf/cr instead of before the Moths, completely 

 re-arranging the groups. Thus, after the A/ini/ce, the Papiliones 

 follow thus : — 



Plebeji (= Hesperiidae). 

 Heliconii (= Parnassius). 

 Equites (= Equitida^). 

 Danai candidi (= Pieridce, pt.). 



,, flavi (= Colias and Eurymus). 

 Nymphales gemmati (= Satyrince). 



,, versicolores (= Apatura). 



„ maculatofasciati (= Limenitis, &c.). 



,, angulati (= Vanessa, &c.). 



,, nobiles (= Argynnis and Brenthis). 



,, variegati (= Melita^a and Ncmeobius). 



,, rutili (= Lycasna). 



,, polyophtalmi (= Polyommatus^ Sec). 



,, subcaudati (=Thecla, &c.). 



„ ambigui (= AscalaphuS; Fabr., a genus of 



Ncuro|)tera). 



At the end of the eighteenth and at the beginning of the 

 nineteenth century, the old Linnean groups began to be divided 

 into genera hy Fabricius, Schrank, and I>atrcillc. They often 

 altered the work of their predecessors arbitrarily, and while 

 laying the foundation of our present system of nomenclature, 



