XXX LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



In 1836 Bolsduval published vol i. of his "Species general 

 des Lepidopteres," including the "Papilionides" and "Pierides"; 

 but no more appeared till 1852-57, v/hen Guenee published 

 six volumes including " Noctuelites " (3 vols.), " Deltoides 

 at Pyralites " (i vol.), and " Uranides et Phalenites" (2 vols.). 

 Another volume, the last which has appeared of this unfinished 

 work, and which was quite out of date even at the time of its 

 publication, was issued by Boisduval in 1875 ; this related to 

 " Sphingidcs, Sesiides, et Castnides." 



Guenee sub-divided the Noctuse, Geometroe, and Pyrales 

 into families ; but these have been rejected by Lederer, and 

 by many of the German Entomologists as founded on insufficient 

 characters, and they have substituted a nearly continuous 

 series. This, however, w^as a step in the wTong direction, for 

 these great groups absolutely need sub-division, and it w^ould 

 have been far better to have improved on Guenee's sub- 

 divisions as a basis, than to have rejected them altogether. 



Guenee's classification in Doubleday's " Synonymic List 

 of British Butterflies and Moths" (ed. ii. 1862) was Nocturni 

 (Sphingidoe, Sesiid?e, Zeuzeridoe, Kepialidae, Cochliop[od]idce, 

 Procrid^, Zyg?enid?e, Nolidee, Lithosiidoe, Euchelidre, 

 Chelonidse, Liparidce, Bombycidce) ; Geometrse ; Drepanul^e, 

 Pseudo-Bombyces (Dicranuridce, Pyga^ridoe, Notodontid^e), 

 Noctuae, Deltoides, Aventiae, Pyralides, Crambites, Tortrices, 

 Tineae (in which the Psychidae are included), and Pterophori 

 (Pterophoridce and Alucitidae). Guenee subsequently pub- 

 lished a revised classification in 1875 '^^ the " Statistique 

 Scientifique d'Eure et Loire, Lepidopteres," of which I gave 

 a full abstract in the " Zoological Record," vol. viii. pp. 

 142-145. Here he commences with the Sesiidcc, followed by 

 the Sphingidre, and indicates the places of three foreign 

 groups, thus: Gynautocerides ( ^ Ghalcosiid;.T3) between the 

 Procridae and Zyga^nidas ; the Glaucopides, between the 



