BIBLIOGRAPHY. 187 



Another work of somewhat later date is Schrank's " Fauna 

 Boica " (3 vols, published at Nuremberg, Jngolstadt, and 

 Landshut, from 1798 to 1804). It was written under great 

 difficulties, owing to the terrible confusion of the period,* as 

 he himself mentions in his preface to vol. ii. ; but it is one 

 of the most carefully-written works of the time. His work 

 has been strangely neglected. Latreille referred to it, but 

 often substituted his names for those of Schrank ; and though 

 I have succeeded in obtaining a tardy recognition of Schrank's 

 merits as a systematist, yet his descriptions of species still re- 

 quire a thorough analysis, w^hich they have not yet received ; for 

 the book was unfortunately published too late to fall within 

 the limits of Werneburg's " Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde." 



Zebrawski's " Owady Luskoskrzydte Czyli Motylowate Zokolic 

 Krakowa" (Cracow, i860), which is a descriptive catalogue 

 of the Lepidoptera of Cracow, with uncoloured illustrations, 

 deserves notice, not on account of its importance, which is not 

 greater than that of any other local Fauna, but because it is 

 one of the few entomological books written in Polish ; and 

 because the writer was the first Entomologist who proposed a 

 classification by which the Butterflies were sandwiched in the 

 middle of the Moths {vide a?itea^ p. xxxix.). 



The best modern descriptive manual of German Lepidoptera^ 

 is Von Heinemann's "Schmetterlinge Deutschlands und der 

 Schweiz." It is in three volumes (without plates), and was 

 published at Brunswick between 1859 and 1877, the con- 

 cluding half of the third volume having been edited by Dr. 

 Wocke after Von Heinemann's death. 



Another work, by Dr. Adolf Speyer and August Speycr, 

 " Die geographische Verbreilung der Schmetterlinge Deutsch- 



* " What a year!" says Schrank, speaking of 1796. Vivid Uadilions 

 of the great wars were still rife in all parts of Germany. 



