158 THE MOTHS OF THE BRITISH ISLES. 



in which the blackish brown chrysalis with the cast-ofF skin 

 attached to the tail was plainly visible. Four moths, all female, 

 emerged at the end of August, when the other caterpillar was 

 still feeding, and seemingly about mature. That caterpillar did 

 not, however, pupate, or survive the winter. As a rule the 

 caterpillars hibernate when about half grown, and feed up in 

 April and May of the following year. The somewhat unusual 

 rate at which those just mentioned completed their growth was 

 no doubt due to the heat of the summer of 1906. 



The moth is to be found on heaths, moors, the slopes of 

 chalk, and limestone hills ; also in woods that are not too 

 thickly timbered and have a good undergrowth of heather, 

 etc. The males may sometimes be seen flying in the sunshine, 

 and they will then be noted to wing their way to some particular 

 spot where most likely a freshly emerged female will be the 

 attraction. The male is often started up from the heather or 

 other herbage as one walks along ; or it may even rise from the 

 bare ground upon which it sometimes has a fancy to sit. The 

 female seems to be more sluggish during the daytime. 



The species is widely distributed over the British Isles, 

 and its range extends through Central and Northern Europe, 

 and Northern Asia to Japan. 



The Clouded Buff (.^i*:»w«fe.f^;z/^).«At>^n^jja^ 



Fore wings of the male yellow, with a reddish and greyish 

 central mark ; hind wings whitish, with blackish central spot and 

 outer band ; the inner margin, fringes, and front edge light 

 crimson. The female has orange fore wings with reddish 

 margins, veins, and central mark ; hind wings orange, with black 

 basal area, central spot, and outer band (Plate 82). 



The female of this species is so different in appearance from 

 the male that it was described by Linnaeus as distinct, under the 

 name russula. In the tenth edition of " Systema Naturse" it is 



