THE DUSKY SALLOW. 263 



growth. When young, and also later, it eats the lower part of 

 the stem and partly into the root of the grass. The moth is out 

 in July and August. Very few examples of the assiviilis form 

 have been obtained, and these only in Perthshire, Aberdeen- 

 shire, Inverness, and the Isle of Arran. Mr. W. M. Christy 

 captured one specimen in Ross-shire in August, 1902. The 

 geographical range of this species extends from the Alps and 

 Pyrenees through Norway and Lapland to Iceland, Greenland, 

 and Labrador. 



The Minor Shoulder-Knot {Bombycia viminalis). 

 Figs. 5 and 6 on Plate 125 represent the typical form of this 

 species. Fig. 8 shows the blackish var. obscura, Stand., and 

 Fig. 7 an intermediate form. The pale form is most frequent in 

 southern England, and dark forms are commoner in the north. 

 Both forms occur in Scotland, but in some parts the pale form 

 only is found. The caterpillar is green with three whitish lines 

 on the back ; the raised spots are also whitish ; the line along 

 the black spiracles is yellowish. It feeds from April to June on 

 sallow and willow ; at first on the terminal shoots, the leaves 

 of which are spun together with silk. Later on the caterpillar 

 folds down or rolls a leaf so as to form a shelter. The moth is 

 on the wing in June and July, sometimes later, and is pretty 

 widely distributed throughout the British Isles, but is rather 

 local in Scotland, northern England, and Ireland. The dark 

 form, it may be mentioned, does not seem to be found aljroad. 

 The range of the species extends to Amurland. 



The Dusky Sallow {Eremobia ochrokncd). 

 This brownish tinged ochreous moth (Plate 126, Figs. 3, 4) 

 has the fore wings crossed by whitish lines, the first and second 

 of which approach or unite below the middle, dividing into two 

 blotches the dark central band-like shade. 



