THE REDDISH LIGHT ARCHES. 279 



August to May on grasses. The range abroad extends to 

 Amurland. 



The Light Arches {Xylophasia lithoxylca). 



In this whitish ochreous species (Plate 135, Fig. 3) there is 

 httle variation except that the darker clouding is more pro- 

 nounced in some specimens than in others. The caterpillar is 

 brownish grey, tinged with ochreous or with greenish ; usual 

 dots blackish, as also are the head and the plates on first and 

 last rings of the body. October to May, feeding on stems of 

 grasses, near the roots. The moth is out in June and July, and 

 is often seen on fences, etc., in the daytime. Generally distri- 

 buted, and common in most places throughout the British Isles. 

 In Scotland, however, it does not range north of Moray, and 

 only on the eastern side. 



The Reddish Light Arches {Xylophasia sublustris). 



Except that the fore wings are somewhat reddish tinged, and 

 not so long, this species (Plate 135, Fig. 6) is very similar to 

 the last. The caterpillar is also very like that of the Light 

 Arches, but has more red in its coloration. The moth is out in 

 June and July, and affects limestone and chalk localities, and 

 these chiefly on the coast. In Perkshire and adjoining counties 

 it occurs in beech woods. Specimens have been recorded from 

 Kendal in Westmoreland, but Yorkshire has been considered 

 the northern limit of the species in England. It has been 

 recorded occasionally from the fens. Paisley and Bonhill are 

 given as Scottish localities in the Fauna of iJic Clyde Area 

 (1901). Widely distributed in Ireland but most abundant in 

 the province of Connaught. 



Xylophasia zollikoferi. The home of this species would 

 seem to be in parts of Hungary, Russia and Western Asia, 

 whence it very occasionally finds its way across the continent 



