THE FROSTED ORANGE. 295 



the Stems and down into the roots. Sometimes it attacks the 

 potato, eating down the stalk into the tuber. The range 

 abroad extends to Amurland. 



The Butterbur {Hydni'cia {Gortynd) petasitis). 



This is a larger species than the last, and more dingy in 

 coloration. Its chief haunts, among the butterbur {rctasitcs\ 

 are in the northern counties from Cheshire to Durham. It was 

 first met with by Stainton in 1846 at Falkirk in Scotland, and 

 Doubleday named and described it in 1847. An account of its 

 caterpillar feeding in the roots of the butterbur was published 

 by N. Cooke in 1850, and by 1855 the northern collectors had 

 reared and distributed large numbers of the moths among their 

 confreres in other parts of the country. The species is still 

 common in the north of England, but continues scarce and very 

 local in Scotland. Odd specimens have been reported from the 

 eastern counties and once from Somerset. The caterpillar is 

 greyish white with black dots ; head, and plate on first ring of 

 the body brown. July and August. The moth occurs among 

 its food plant in August and September. (Plate 143, Fig. 7.) 



The Frosted Orange {Ockria ockraaa) 



Except that it sometimes visits a strong light, and may then 

 be captured, this moth (Plate 144, Figs, i 5, 2 $ ) is most easily 

 obtained in its early stages. The caterpillar is pale ochreous 

 w^hite with conspicuous black dots ; head ochreous brown, the 

 plate on first ring of the body is blackish with white lines upon 

 it. It feeds in the stems of thistles, burdock, hemp-agrimony, 

 etc. April to July, or later. The brownish chrysalis may also 

 be found in stems of the plants mentioned, generally low down 

 near the ground. The moth is out from August to October, 

 and occurs in most places, especially marshy ground, where 



