THE POWl^KRKD (,)UAKER. 331 



freckled with darker. It feeds from April to June on elm, 

 oak, sallow, plum, etc. The moth is out in March and April, 

 but a specimen has been taken at "i\y bloom" in the autumn. 

 Plum blossoms, as well as the sallow catkins, are an attraction 

 to this moth, and it will also visit the sugar patch. • The species 

 probably occurs in most woodland districts throughout the 

 greater part of England and Wales. It seems to be found in 

 South Scotland, but is local and infrequent ; in Ireland it is 

 widely spread in the north, but uncommon in the south. 



The Northern Drab {TiPuiocaiupa opima). 



The dark form (var. bnninra, Twit) (Plate 157, Fig. 10 J) has 

 the outlines of the orbicular and reniform stigmata, and the sub- 

 marginal line pale and distinct ; sometimes the general colour 

 is much blacker than in the specimen shown. In the more 

 typical greyish form (Fig. 9$) the central area is blackish or 

 dark reddish brown. The caterpillar is olive green above, 

 inclining to yellowish beneath ; three pale lines on the back, 

 and a yellow stripe along the black-edged white spiracles ; 

 head olive green. It feeds from A]n-il to June on sallow, willow, 

 birch, rose, etc. The moth flies in March and April. 



As suggested by the English name, this moth was supposed 

 to be confined to the northern counties from Cheshire to 

 Cumberland and Northumberland, but it occurs more locally 

 in Herefordshire, Worcestershire (Wyre Forest), Somerset, 

 (iloucester, and Wales ; also in Essex, Surrey, and Sussex. 

 Kenton records it from Roxburghshire in Scotland, and Kane 

 states that it is local in Ireland. 



The Powdered Quaker {TcEuiocampa gracilis). 



In the ordinary English form of this species (Plate 158, 

 Figs. 3 ^ , 4 9) the fore wings arc pale whity brown, more or 



