AND TUK AM'S oK CKNTKAL EUKOPE. 00 



ab. (& var.) Carpathica, l!rl>,(: with v. large costal spots up.s. 



f.w. : and 

 ab. Wiscotti, <>l)th.: with v. large spots up.s. h.w. ; and on the 



other hand in : 

 ab. Novarae. olitli. : wiihout spots u]).s. h.w. 



(c.) blk. spots up.s. f.w . joined into a band, 

 (d.) absence of wh. centres to red spots. 

 j-Qhs. — Kline (pjiuopean Butterflies, p. -l) would seem to imply that the wh. 

 pupils are peculiar to the I'yrenees, but it is certainly the usual form ; the other 

 is scarce. There is a magnificent example with v. large red spots in ISlr. 

 Fison's collection. I 



(e.) col. of red spots, varying from brt. crim- 

 son through It. rd. and or. to : 

 ab. Nevadensis, Obtli. : in wh. they are yell. 



Log. (Occurs as var. in S. Spain) ; as ab. in the Alps, r./j., 

 Weissenburg (////.) ; nr. Basle {lUirchhardt) ; &c. 



(f.) presence of a red spot or spots, f.w. con- 

 . stituting : 

 var. Pseudonomion, I'/n-ist: wh. has always a red spot, gen. 

 double, on inn. marg. un.s. f.w. and usually one outside the 

 disc, cell ; the latter of wh. is gen., the former sometimes 

 reproduced up.s. The long spot nr. anal ang. up.s. h.w. is also 

 gen. red ; this sometimes occurs in other forms. 

 Loc The usual form on the -Jura where it is v. ab.; not yet out, 

 vi. e. /02 ; but rather worn, thofigh ab., viii. h. ,02 (H/'.) ; found 

 as an ab. elsew'here ; c.//., Brusio, vii. 17/01 (VVs.j. 



(g.) occasionally 2 wh. pupils in cl. spot up.s. 



h.w. 

 (h.) ? , tendency to darken greatly up.s., 

 usually dk. in the X'alais, culminating 

 in : 

 ab. ? Brittingeri, IHi'l. 



Loc. Principally in the E. Alps, but also in the Engadine, the 

 N'alais, c^c. 



[Obs. — A specimen from the Albula Pass has the 2 red spots h.w. united by 

 a blk. bar. (R.-Brn.).] 



[Obs. — A question has been raised as to the specific difference between P. 

 Apollo and F Deliiis, and the observations of Dr. Chapman on the larvae hardly 

 seem to have been conclusive. There are not very many places where the 2 

 forms overlap in any numbers, and when this is the case hybrids are occasionally, 

 though V. rarely, found, e.fj., between Simplon Village and the Hospice (Christ); 

 Albula Hospice, a ? , viii. /Hi [Fi-eii] ; others are also mentioned by Freij in the 

 "Bulletin Ue la Societe Entomoiogi(jue Suisse," vol. vii., p. 'JoO. Naturally 

 these are in the highest haunts of P. Apollo. The piobability would seem to be 

 that we have here a sp. almost, but not quite fully evolved; or rather, separated 

 in most Iocs, but not entirely so in those places wh. are suitable to both forms. 

 It would seem from the rarity of these hybrids, that even where they occur they 

 are less successful in passing through the earlier s'ages than the progeny of 

 either form alone. That they are true hyrids and not meiely inlermediate 

 forms is to be inferred from the fact that they occur only when the two forms 

 overlap. 



