74 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SWITZERLAND 



Loc. In the forest zone and above the tree limit up to about 

 7500ft., vii.-viii., hut the type form is not v. c. in Switz. I have 

 only found it in any numbers at one point on the Simplon, viz., in 

 the first open field on the path leading from the Ith Refuge to 

 Wasen, viii. b. /9H, &c. The type form is specially mentioned for 

 the following Iocs;, but is to be found amongst var. A'/v's in many 

 others. Niouc, Susillon, Ponchette, Chandolin and Zinal in the 

 Val d' Anniviers ; Sierre ; Loeche-les-bains ; Stalden ; Laquinthal 

 {Far.) ; Arolla, viii. m. /99 (Tntt); St. Nicholas, vii. 13/98; Zermatt, 

 vii. 10/99 {Blnii.)\ Haas Fee, ab. (Jones); Weissenburg (////.) ; Basle 

 (C/irist) ; in the Aargau Jura (JVscJtl.) ; Engelberg [Baker) ; 

 Pontresina, vii. (J/m Ftn.) ; Churwalden {ll<i.). 



La Faucille on the Jura, viii. 10 {I'd.); above Lac Bourget. vii. 

 e. /9H ; Megeve, viii. b. /02 : Larche, viii. b. 1900 ; Abries, viii. m. 

 1900, v. ab. and brt.; Cogne Valley, viii. m. /94 ; Courmayeur, viii. 

 b. /91, ab. ; above Bobbie, viii. m. ,01 (7»«) ; Mendel Pass, vii. 

 /95 {Lmn.). 



Directions of Var. (a.) tone of grd. col. up.s. $ ; varies greatly, 

 from yell.-brn. to warm or.-brn. (same range in var. Fris). 



(b.) diminution of silver un.s. culminating in : 



var. Eris, Mci'ieu (Cleodoxa, A'.s/*.); 52mm. in wh. it is replaced by 

 yell. 



Loc. Far more c. than type ; gen. ab. on the mtns. of the whole 

 region up to 7500ft., vii.-viii. 



(c.) increase of dk. suffusion, c. to some 

 extent in ? , culminating in : 



ab. Pelopia, /''/•/,//. (Niobe, Hb.) ; up.s. almost wholly suffused with 

 blk., markings of un.s. sharply drawn in blk. ; no silver. 



Loc. 1 J in Steinenthal, nr. Berisal, vii. 25/99 (T(7/.) ; 1 nr. 

 St. Moritz, vii. /84 {XirJinls,nt). 



Genus, Issoria, llh. 



I. Lathonia, L. : 42i]iii). Fd. ])lt. violets, Onohnicliis, 



A Hchnsa ojticliialis . 



J larger than J and with rather darker and more extended 

 basal suffusion. 



Dist. Char, great size of silver spots un.s. h.w. and concave out. 

 marg, f.w. 



Loc. One of the most widely distributed butterflies of the region ; 

 gen. ab. in the plains and lower elevations, and mounting as high as 

 8500ft. and more ; e.tj., on the St llernard Pass, the Pierre-a-Voir, 

 and even the Gornergrat, nearly 10000ft. {Far.) ; gen. iv.-vi, and 

 viii.-ix. My earliest date in Switz. is iii. 15/99, but further S. it 

 appears much earlier, e.ij., at Cannes, often i. e. {('lii'.). Often 

 settles on the bare ground. 



Directions of Yar. (a.) size : the spring brood is small, the later 



