70 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol.11, 



April. (6) This time it certainly did appear in excessive abund- 

 ance on fall-sown oats in North and South Carolina, and planters 

 became alarmed over its presence. It did not, however, work 

 serious injury there. 



In December, 1906, the insect began to appear in fields of fall 

 sown and volunteer oats in northeastern Texas. Throughout the 

 winter of 1 906-1 907 they increased in abundance and by spring 

 had ravaged the fields of both wheat and oats throughout Texas 

 and Oklahoma, east of the 100° meridian, and as far north as 

 Wichita, Kansas, but spring sown oats were damaged as far north 

 as eastern Iowa, northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. In 

 the east there was also serious damage to wheat and oats in both 

 of the Carolinas. The loss by reason of this outbreak would 

 probably not fall short of $12,000,000 to $15,000,000 and proved 

 to be much more serious than any preceding occurrence. Thus 

 it will be observed that the species is becoming constantly more 

 abundant, its re-occurrences more frequent and more threatening 

 to grain crops, especially throughout the country between the 

 Rio Grande and Missouri rivers. This is also true to a less degree 

 in the Carolinas. 



DISTRIBUTION IN AMERICA. 



Most rigid searches have failed to reveal the presence of the 

 insect in the country between the St. Lawrence river, Lake Onta- 

 rio and Lake Erie, and the coast, to a line drawn from Cleveland, 

 Ohio, to Philadelphia, Pa., although it would not be surprising 

 if it extended farther northeast nearer the sea coast.* Neither 

 has it been found in northern Michigan, northern Wisconsin, 

 northeastern Minnesota, or in the arid region of western North 

 and South Dakota or eastern Montana, where it has also been 

 diligently searched for. It has not been found in Alabama, Miss- 

 issippi, or Florida, but has not been searched for in those States. 

 With these exceptions it ravages over the whole country east of 

 the Rocky Mountains, from Mexico northward into Manitoba 

 and Saskatchewan, and from an elevation little above sea level, 

 to 8,000 feet in New Mexico. On the Pacific slope it is found in 

 eastern Washington. Whether it also extends from Washington 

 southward along the Pacific coast to Mexico is not known, 

 because it has not been searched for in that portion of the 

 country. (See map.) 



* Mr. Paul Hayhurst, assistant to Dr. Wheeler, states that he has found it 

 on oats, Agropyron repens and Dactylis glomerata, in the vicinity of Forest Hills, 

 near Boston, Mass. 



