238 Annals Entomological Society of America [Fol. II, 



4. The Old World origin of Danaida is also proved by the 

 extent and variety of its mimetic relationships; while the path 

 of its invasion of the New World and of South by way of North 

 America, may be traced by foot-prints, as it were, of mimetic 

 effect. 



5. That Danaida plexippus is the older invader is equally 

 shown by the depth of the impression it has made and the 

 amount of change it has itself undergone in the New World. 



6. Danaida berenice and its form strigosa show comparatively 

 slight changes in the New World, and, as regards mimetic influ- 

 ence, have but deepened the foot-prints left by plexippus. 



7. Limenitis arthemis, the indigenous ancestor of the mimic 

 of plexippus, persits with little or no change; and it is possible 

 to show how far the very different markings of the mimetic 

 daughter species, L. archippus, have been carved out of those 

 of the parent. 



8. The recent date of this great superficial transformation 

 is proved by the close resemblances between the larval and pupal 

 stages of parent and offspring. L. archippus also probably occa- 

 sionally interbreeds with the mimetic L. astyanax — a still younger 

 descendant of the same parent. 



9. L. archippus probably arose on the southern borders of 

 arthemis, but afterwards ranged northwards over the area of the 

 parent species. 



10. The southern astyanax, meeting the northern arthemis 

 along a narrow belt, is probably repeating the earlier history of 

 archippus. 



1 1 . The forms of sub-species of archippus — floridensis in 

 Florida and hulsti in Arizona — have arisen from the earlier mimic 

 of D. plexippus as a result of the predominance in these localities 

 respectively, of Danaida berenice and its form strigosa. 



1 2 . Details of the older Mimicry persist in floridensis (and 

 perhaps in hulsti), somewhat detracting from the newer resem- 

 blance. 



13. Certain features in the mimetic likeness newly attained 

 in Florida and Arizona are probably due to the recall or the re- 

 emphasis of elements in the pattern of arthemis which had been 

 greatly reduced in archippus. 



14. The fact that the invading Danaidas have only influenced 

 among the whole indigenous butterfly fauna, the dominant con- 

 spicuous Nymphaline genus Limenitis, supports a Mullerian as 

 opposed to a Batesian interpretation of the phenomena. 



