2 ON THE GALL-MAKING COCCID^, 



3. MoNOMERA. Tarsi 1 — ^^jointed ; antenna? 6 — 25 — ^_iomted ; 

 tvings not areolate. 



This last Section is composed of one family of Coccidoi or 

 Cochineal insects, and as the insects which I am about to 

 describe, show such a great difference in habits, as well as in 

 structure, from those already known, I believe there is sufficient 

 reason to form a second family of Monomera, characterized by 

 making galls. 



When I came to this Colony, I was astonished to find so 

 great a number and variety of galls. At first I thought they 

 were produced by Gynipidce, but I soon ascertained that there 

 were comparatively few Hymenopterous gall-makers here. Most 

 of the Hymenoptera which I found in galls, were parasites upon 

 gall-making Diptera and Homoptera. 



The Coccus-Galls very frequently exhibit monstrosities in 

 their growth, caused sometimes by the early death of the female 

 inhabitant, in which case the orifice of the gall closes up, but 

 sometimes they are owing to the parasitic attacks of numerous 

 minute Hyvienoptera. 



The inhabitants of these galls are often exposed to the attacks 

 of insects, particularly of Hymenoptera, alhed to Clialcis. 



I have also found a Curculionideous insect, which makes a 

 large round hole in the galls of Brachyscelis ovicola (milii) , but 

 with what object I have not ascertained. The old galls become 

 frequently the residence of spiders, and of some families of small 

 ants with their eggs and larv^. 



The greater number of the galls of my genus Brachyscelis, I 

 found on Eucalyptus hcemastoma ; but other species, as Eucalypttis 

 corymbosa, and Angopliora lanceolata, are also infested by them. 



Some of these galls attain an enormous size. I found one of 

 the species B. munita (mihi) , where the length of the whole gall 

 was eleven inches, and the thickest part eight lines wide. One 

 gall of my species B. clitplex was six inches and a-half long, and 

 the greatest width eighteen lines. The living female which I 

 took from it was fifteen lines long, the largest I ever saw ; I 

 found it on a sapling of Eucalyptus hcemastoma, but I have seen 

 them, also on other species of Eucalyptus. 



All these insects, when they appear in gx'eat numbers, become 



