BY H. L. SCHRADER. 3 



very destructive to the young Eucalyptus branches. I have seen 

 whole patches of ground, often a hundred feet square, where the 

 young trees were totally destroyed by the attacks of B. phare- 

 trata and ovicola. In such a case the leaves remain small, the 

 branches become crippled, and finally die, on account of the 

 number of Coccus galls which take up the sap of the plant. 



PI. I. fig. 1. Shows a branch of Eucalyptus h(emastoma, with 

 excrescences made by Brachyscelis pileata. The trumpet-shaped 

 excrescences fig. 1. a. contained each one winged male, and each 

 of those upon the stem, contained one apterous female. The 

 sketch shows the gall in different stages. Fig. 1. b. is a young 

 gall ; Fig. 1. c. one which perished early, for want of nourish- 

 ment. Fig. d. shows one more developed, and of which the 

 outside shell, together with its pointed cap, is coming off. (Owing 

 to this peculiarity I gave the species the name oi pileata?) 



As soon as this cap has fallen ofi", the gall appears in its 

 ultimate form PL I. e. & g. This takes place in March or April. 

 At the end of the gall is found an opening or notch, such as might 

 be made with a knife. Through this orifice the female receives 

 air, and also the larvae escape. 



The female Brachyscelis is placed with its abdominal append- 

 ages, which consist of two spines, furnished on the end with some 

 hairs, towards the orifice Fig. g., and on the approach of any 

 insect, it immediately assumes a rotatory motion, and cleans the 

 orifice with those two horny points. The orifice is always 

 surrounded with a white farinose matter, or manna, which the 

 animal continually reproduces. Fig. g. will show such a gall, and 

 Fig. f. the ovo-viviparous female (natural size) taken from it, in 

 the act of bringing forth the young larvce. It produces countless 

 numbers ; the whole animal is filled with them, and when they are 

 all deposited, nothing remains but the bladder-like skin. This 

 female is of a dirty yellowish colour, and is also covered with a 

 white powder. The anal orifice is situated between the two 

 spines, and the manna or farinose matter which exudes therefrom, 

 I consider as nothing but the excrement of the animal. 



The two anterior legs arc situated above the mouth, which 

 appears to be obsolete, as I could not distinguish any promuscis. 

 A little higher than the anterior legs, are situated the minute 



