ii8 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol.1, 



The arched nerve (Fig. 4 and 7, ar). The arched nerves 

 connect the vagus system with the central system. They arise 

 in connection with the clypeo-labral nerves, one from each upper 

 basal portion of the crus cerebri, and bend mesad so as to meet 

 in the frontal ganglion. 



The frontal ganglion (fg) . This ganglion consists of a very 

 minute nerve center, situated a short distance in front of the 

 supraoesophageal ganglia, with which it is connected by an 

 exceedingly fine nerve strand. (Fig. 7, i). 



The frontal nerve (Figs. 4, 7,/). The frontal nerve arises 

 from the anterior border of the frontal ganglion and extends 

 cephalad into the clypeus, where it bifurcates. 



The pharyngeal nerve (Figs. 4, 7, pii). From either side 

 of the frontal ganglion there arises a small nerve, undescribed by 

 former workers. It extends latero-ventrad, to the lower portions 

 •of the pharynx. The term pharyngeal may be applied to this 

 nerve. 



The recurrent nerve* (Figs. 4, 7, r.). The recurrent nerve 

 consists of a single median ner\'e-cord arising from the caudal 

 border of the frontal ganglion. It extends back passing under the 

 supraoesophageal ganglia, and between the aorta and oesopha- 

 gus, to terminate in the vagus ganglion (v) . 



The vagus ganglion (Figs. 4, 7, n.) This is a minute 

 elongated ganglion, not much wider than the diameter of the re- 

 current nerve. It is situated 3-4 millimeters caudad of the supra- 

 oesophageal ganglion, between the aorta and the oesophagus, 

 and constitutes the termination of the recurrent nerve. 



The stomogastric nerves (Figs. 4 and 7, st.) consist of two 

 parallel cords, arising from the caudal border of the vagus gang- 

 lion. At the point of emergence from underneath the aorta, 

 they diverge, passing over to either side of the oesophagus, whence 

 they continue caudad, innervating the alimentary canal and ter- 

 minating in the neighborhood of the mid-intestine. 



The Lateral or Paired Sympathetic System (Figs. 4 

 and 7). This system is characterized by a pair of small ganglia 

 (Ig), situated one on either side of the oesophagus and slightly 

 caudad of the pharyngeal constriction. The nerves are quite 

 minute and are confined to the dorsal and lateral portions of the 

 anterior region of the oesophagus. 



* According to Berlese '07, p. 597, the recurrent nerve is typically double 

 and appears as a single nerve through coalescence. 



