176 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol.1, 



be due to the difference in time of emergence from hibernation of 

 different individuals," for Tower (1906, pp. 202, 266-267, ^^ '^^■) 

 gives evidence by direct breeding, thus throwing this out of the 

 question. 



And summing up, all of this discussion but again calls atten- 

 tion to the crying need for facts. We want tangible evidence, 

 not inductions, views, opinions, or claims. 



6. Behavior of Adults in Confinement; Hibernation. The 

 pairs kept in confinement, normally reproducing, behaved in 

 some instances peculiarly; this was especially noticeable in the 

 case of the male of one of the hibernated pairs. In pair No. i of 

 the hibernated beetles, the two sexes behaved normally until on 

 July 2nd, the male disappeared and was found on the morning of 

 July 3rd buried beneath the soil; it was replaced on the surface 

 but again went beneath after several hours had elapsed. It was 

 exhumed again at 3 p. m., July 6th, and was again beneath within 

 the following hour, and the same fact holds for 10 a. m., July 9th. 

 It was re-exhumed at 5 p. m., July 15th; 3 p. m., August 5th; 

 August 19th (a. m.) ; II a. m., August 28th, September 2nd, Octo- 

 ber 17th and 23rd, each time re-entering at once and paying no 

 attention to the female or food. On November ist, it was again 

 disturbed and given fresh quarters for hibernation; it finally 

 emerged (it was kept in a cold room) on February 26th, 1908, 

 and died on the following April 6th ; it had apparently hibernated 

 during two winters, that of 1906-1907 and 1907-1908. 



The male of pair No. 2 of the hibernated pairs behaved nor- 

 mally until its death at 5 p. m., August i6th. The male of pair 

 No. I of the first generation entered the soil p. m., August 5th, 

 and the female p. m., August 7th; both were exhumed alive at 10 

 A. M., August 19th and replaced on the surface with fresh food 

 which they ignored and re-entered the soil. They were exhumed 

 alive on November ist and liberated. The male of pair No. 2 

 of this generation entered the soil a. m., August 7th and was ex- 

 humed at 10 A. M., August 19th; it at once re-entered. On Aug- 

 ust 22nd, the female of this pair entered the soil, and at 10 a. m., 

 September 2nd, both were exhumed alive and replaced on the sur- 

 face of the soil into which they soon disappeared. On October 

 17th and 23rd, the exhumation w^as repeated with similar results; 

 they were dug up alive and liberated on November ist, 1907, with 

 the other pair. In Lot No. i of the second generation, 2 entered 

 the earth on September 7th, and on the 9th of the same month 



