t8o Ami.als Entomological Society of America [Vol. I, 



HOST RELATIONS OF THE GENUS. 



Although the M^anaridae are supposed to be mainly egg- 

 parasites, or we think of them mostly in that connection, yet this 

 genus appears to be principally parasitic on various Coccidae; of 

 the eleven species now described, the host relations of but four 

 are definitely known, namely, the three new forms herein des- 

 cribed and iceryae Riley; three of these were reared from some 

 stage of various Coccidae (icer^^ae from the male pupa of Icerya) ; 

 the other, caecilii, from psocid eggs. Hence even with these four 

 species, there remains some doubt as to the stage of the host, 

 excepting in the case of caecilii, and Icerya as the host of iceryae. 

 In these last two cases the record is definite. 



The host relations of the European species are unknown 

 excepting in the case of excisus Westwood which is stated to 

 have been reared : "from white blotches on oak leaves, evidently 

 caused by the action of the minute larva of one of the leaf-mining 

 Tineae (Lithocolletes ?) . The blotches were about ij in. in 

 diameter. The leaves were gathered on the 9th of September, 

 1 871; and the little Mymars appeared on the 6th of October; 

 one of the moths appeared on the i6th of September, 187 1, and 

 two other kinds of parasitic flies on the 4th of October following." 

 (Westwood, 1879). The Australian species, immaturus Perkins, 

 was reared "from cane leaves containing leaf-hopper eggs", but 

 Perkins continues, " I do not feel sure that it is parasitic on these." 

 (Perkins, 1905). 



So far as the evidence goes, then, species of this genus have 

 been reared from the eggs of Jassidae and Psocidae — immaturus 

 Perkins (doubtfully) and caecilii Girault, respectively, the male 

 pupae of Icerya (iceryae Riley), an aleyrodid (caecilii Girault, 

 doubtfully), and unknown stages of the following — a tineid 

 (excisus Westwood), and various Coccidae (globosicornis 

 Girault, eriococci Girault, iceryae Riley). It is indicated, how- 

 ever, that the species are not restricted to one host only, and in 

 order to show this more clearly, as well as to show the host 

 relations, the following table is inserted. 



It is seen from the table that the hosts of five of the species are 

 entirely unknow^n (fusculus, fuscus, minimus, pallidicornis and 

 pallipes) ; that in the case of two of the species (immaturus, 

 excisus) the host is doubtful, and that with the exception of 

 caecilii from eggs of Caecilius aurantiacus Hagen and iceryae 



