424 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



Dr. J. E. Cox and Mr. John Brazier, both of Sidney, Australia, are 

 represented by a few letters. Mr. Brazier sent a number of Partulas to 

 Dr. Hartman, as he had earlier to Pease. Unfortunately, his records 

 of localities are not always beyond doubt. Dr. Cox sent the whole of 

 his Partulas to Dr. Hartman for examination, and permitted him to 

 retain some of them. In the correspondence there are two sheets of 

 memoranda on Partula, by Dr. Cox, written about 1882 ; some of the 

 notes are important. Dr. Cox exchanged shells with Mr. Garrett and 

 Mr. Layard ; his earlier correspondence with Dr. Hartman was carried 

 on through Garrett, who forwarded exchanges. 



When Dr. Hartman began his special study of Partula, about 1877, 

 the genus was in a condition of almost hopeless confusion. Cuming's 

 sjjecies, described l)y Pfeiffer and others, were assigned to islands often 

 thousands of miles from their true habitats, and in some cases it really 

 seemed as if the errors were intentional. Pease was generally correct 

 in his discrimination of species and varieties, but very careless about 

 localities ; many of his MS. names were supposed to indicate valid 

 species, though he had never intended them to be more than provisional 

 or the marks of varieties. Carpenter, who examined a series of the 

 Pease duplicates, referred them to other species, and almost always 

 erroneously. Scores of varieties had l)een described as species; many 

 species were regarded as varieties ; hybrids and decorticated shells 

 were described as species ; known species were erroneously recorded 

 from different islands, and described as new by naturalists who re- 

 garded the habitat as a sufficient proof of validity. Even reference to 

 type specimens was not always conclusive ; in more than one instance 

 the original type had l)een replaceci by a shell of another species. 



Dr. Hartman' s writings on the genus Partula were published at in- 

 tervals, from 1 88 1 to 1893, and embrace the following papers: 



Description of a Partula, supposed to he /icic, from t/w Is la mi of 

 Moorca. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila. , p. 229, 1880. 



A catalogue of the Genus Partula Per. (})rinted for private distribu- 

 tion). West Chester, 1S81. 



Ol'se/i'atio/is on the species of the Genus Partula Pl'r., with a Bib- 

 liographical Catalogue of all the species. Bull. Mus. Com]). Zool., 

 IX, No. 5, pp. 171-190, 1882. 



Observations on the duplicates of the Genus J\irt//la Per. contained 

 in the JlPuseuni of Coniparatiiw Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., formerly 



