XII. A NEW CAMEL FROM THE MIOCENE OF WESTERN 



NEBRASKA. 



By O. a. Peterson. 



(Plates XXXVII-XL.) 



During the season of 1909, while engaged in collecting fossil bones 

 for the Carnegie Museum in the Miocene formation (Upper Harrison 

 beds) in Sioux County, Nebraska, the writer discovered the remains 

 of a new species of the genus Oxydactylus. While the anatomical 

 differences of the latter genus have, to date, necessitated the erection 

 of five species in that genus, none is more remarkable in its differ- 

 entiation than the present form. 



The skull and neck of the type were found in position, with the 

 lower jaws and atlas articulating perfectly in their respective places. 

 If the latter conditions were not true I would not associate the cervical 

 region with the skull on account of the proportionate measurements 

 when compared with the type of the genus. 



Oxydactylus longirostris sp. nov. . 



Type: Skull, lower jaws, greater portion of the neck, fragments of 

 humerus, and ulno-radius. Carnegie Museum Cat. Vert. Foss., No. 

 2498. 



Horizon: Miocene (Upper Harrison beds). 



Locality: Whistle Creek, Sioux County, Nebraska. 



Specific Characters. — Skull proportionately heavy and elongated when 

 compared with that of other species of the genus, premaxillaries longer, 

 a further reduction of the size of the first and second pairs of incisors, 

 longer diastemata, and cervical vertebrae relatively short. 



Comparative Description of the Type. 

 Skull.~P\s. XXXVII-XXXIX. The principal and most im- 

 portant specific character ascertained for this species is the proportion- 

 ally large and elongated skull, which is unusual and quite surprising, 

 when compared with other species of the genus. The premaxillaries 

 furnish a good share of the general elongation of the skull, as they are 

 more produced in front of the canines than is usually the case, resulting 



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