28J: Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



theless he was able to obtain from Dr. Branner, before the departure 

 of the l-atter, a great deal of information and many useful suggestions 

 as to modes of travel, and was put into communication with a number 

 of gentlemen, who subsequently generously gave him valuable assist- 

 ance. Lingering only a short time in Bahia, he plunged into the inte- 

 rior of the State, accompanied only by native guides to help him. 



As the work progressed, and reports and collections were from time 

 to time received from Mr. Haseman, showing that he was making 

 excellent progress, he was instructed as to the further steps which he 

 should take. He was urged to collect in all the streams which can be 

 reached from Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo by railroad, and then to 

 make his way southward to Buenos Aires. After having collected about 

 Buenos Aires, he was instructed to ascend the Paraguay, so as to 

 reach its headwaters during the dry season, and, if he deemed it 

 possible, to cross over to the Amazonian watershed and descend the 

 Guapore Madeira. The plans of the expedition were from time to 

 time enlarged, and, as the evidence of Mr. Haseman's success reached 

 the Museum, advice was freeh' asked by him and received. The 

 work of carrying out the details of the broader plans laid before Mr. 

 Haseman was entirely entrusted to him. He not only covered the 

 route mapped out for him, but in some cases exceeded the fondest 

 hopes of those who had commissioned him. 



During the last one hundred years five notable expeditions have 

 collected fishes in various parts of South xAmerica. In the early part 

 of 1 817 Spix and Martins and Natterer went to Brazil with the bridal 

 party of Dom Pedro d'Alcantara, Crown-prince of Portugal, and the 

 Archduchess Karolina Josepha Leopoldina of Austria. Spix and 

 Martius traveled in Brazil in the years 181 7-1820 as representatives 

 of the King of Bavaria. John Natterer, the representative of Austria, 

 remained for eighteen years, going from Rio de Janeiro to Cuyaba, 

 Matto Grosso, Manaos, and ascending the Rio Negro and the Rio 

 Branco. Castelnau visited South America in 1843, followed the same 

 general route as far as Matto Grosso, but continued westward to 

 Titicaca and Lima. He returned by way of the Ucayale and Amazons. 

 In 1865 the Thayer Expedition, under the leadership of Louis Agassiz, 

 accompanied by numerous assistants, went to Brazil and remained 

 there for more than a year. The sole survivor of the party at the 

 present day is Dr. J. A. Allen. This expedition was divided into 

 smaller parties, who explored various parts of southeastern Brazil, and 



