372 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



bars from the eyes to the snout; very dark brown in color; sixteen 



gill-rakers. 



No. 2840a-&, 5.5-7 cm., Rio Jauru, June 2, 1909. 



The cross-bands are very distinct both above and below the median 

 lateral band; two blue stripes from eyes to mouth; vertical fins spotted. 

 No. 2841, 13.5 cm., Santarem, Dec. 6, 1909. 



Caudal peduncle one and one-fourth times as long as deep; seven- 

 teen gill-rakers; very faint lateral and cross-bands; two stripes between 

 eyes; vertical fins spotted; a few blue spots on the operculum; dorsal 

 spines subequal from the fourth, which is a little more than half of 

 the length of the head; head 3 in length; depth 2.75; pectorals just 

 reaching to origin of anal. 



It is interesting to note that all fishes from clear or dark water full 

 of plants are always darker in color than those from muddy rivers or 

 along clean sand-bars. Also, cross and lateral bands tend to break 

 up into lateral spots or else to disappear entirely in the adult. 

 In view of the specimens and observations taken in the field, I do not 

 hesitate to consider G. pappaterra identical with jurupari. It was 

 based upon a very large specimen and is one of the end variations of 

 G. jurupari. All of the intervening stages exist in the same locality. 



Genus Biot.ecus Eigenmann and Kennedy. 



76. B. opercularis (Steindachner). 



No specimens were taken by the expedition. 



Genus Symphysodon Heckel. 



77. Symphysodon discus Heckel. 

 S. cBquifasciatus Pellegrin. 



No. 28440-^^, 10.5-12.5 cm., Manaos, Nov. 15, 1909. 

 No. 2845, 10 cm., Santarem, Dec. 6, 1910. 



These specimens vary greatly in coloration in life. If put 

 into alcohol after they have been dead for some time, the brilliant 

 colors all entirely disappear. Pellegrin's variety (Equifasciatus came 

 from the market, and I consider it to be the same as 6'. discus. 



Genus Pterophyllum Heckel. 



78. Pterophyllum scalare (Cuvier & Valenciennes). 

 P. altuni Pellegrin. 



No. 2846, 4-6 cm., Santarem, Dec. 7-15, 1909. 



