Haseman : New Fishes from iiik Rio Iguassu. 375 



incidents probably often occur at the smaller falls, where flocks of 

 these long-necked fishing birds fight o\er their catches. As a rule 

 "biguas" are only able to take catfishes; even if they caught smaller 

 scaled fishes tlu'>- would probabh- swallow them at once. How 

 some of the small scaled fishes come to be above the fall, I cannot 

 explain, unless they crossed over from the headwaters of the neigh- 

 boring Tibagy, where the divide is low and short. There is, however, 

 a fatal objection to this view, found in the fact that Iloplias mala- 

 baricHS, the king of land-travelers, has not crossed over to the Iguassu 

 basin. I have taken young Iloplias fully three miles from the 

 nearest creeks, swimming up the narrow Goyaz highland trails, and 

 am at a loss to account for its absence in the upper basin of the Iguassu. 



RiiAMDiopsis, gen. nov. 



Related to Ilcptaptcnis and Leptoglanis. 



Barbels flattened, anal and adipose fins prolonged, both more or 

 less united to a rounded caudal; dorsal slightly in front of ventrals; 

 pectoral with a slender, weak, and soft-tipped spine; fontanel extending 

 to occipital process, but faintly separated by a bridge back of eye; 

 eye without free margin; teeth in narrow bands in each jaw. No 

 vomerine teeth; head (in places) almost naked and granular; a minute 

 rudimentary spine at the base of the first ray of the dorsal. 

 I. Rhamdiopsis moreirai, sp. nov. (Plate LXXIII.) 

 No. 2849, type, 7.8 cm., from Serrinha Parana, Rio Iguassu, Dec. 22, 



1908. 

 No. 2849, coty' e, 5.6 cm., from Serrinha Parana, Rio Iguassu, Dec. 22, 



1908. 



D. 7, plus faint rudimentary spine fastened to first raj^; A. 21; 

 P. I, 7; C. 30, including accessory rays; V. 7; depth 5.5 to 6; head .5; 

 pectorals half the length of head and about equal to the depth of the 

 same; width of head about five-sixths of its length; head almost round, 

 very little depressed, profile gently arched from dorsal to snout; caudal 

 portion of body compressed; origin of anal fully as far forward, if not 

 farther, than the adipose; anal and adipose separated from the caudal 

 by a notch in the membrane uniting them. Origin of dorsal slightly 

 in front of ventrals, both of which are small and short; distance between 

 the dorsal and adijiose greater than the length of the dorsal. Origin 

 of dorsal to tip of snout about .5 in the length and less than 3 in 

 the total length; none of rays produced; eye small, without free 



