50 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



In IliDiaiitof'us the number of cervicals and dorsals is the same as 

 in Nuincuiits, but there appear to be one pair less of sacral ribs. 



The arrangement in the Phalaropes agrees with what we find in 

 Hiniantopus. 



In Gcj/lnniij^o and the Woodcocks the arrangement is different. In 

 them there are twenty-one free verteljrae between the skull and pelvis ; 

 but two pairs of cervical ribs (the first very minute) ; six pairs of 

 dorsal ribs that meet the sternum through costal ones below ; two ]jairs 

 of ])elvic ribs, the haemapophyses of the first not reaching the sternum, 

 and the last pair fused with the ilia and almost aborted. 



In Tn')i_i^a maritima these latter are not present, otherwise the ar- 

 rangement and number of the ribs and vertebra in the cervico-dorsal 

 part of the trunk skeleton is the same as in Gallinago. On the other 

 hand Bartraiuia longicauda agrees with the Curlews in this matter, 

 while all the Sandpipers that I have examined have these parts as they 

 occur in T. maritima. The arrangement for other important forms 

 will be fully presented when we come to examine the osteology of 

 Aphriza vii\^ata beyond. 



Of tlic Pelvis and Coccygeal Verfei'rcv. — Viewing the pelvis of 

 Nitmeniits longirostris from above, we observe that the total pre- 

 acetabular area is about equal in extent to the post-acetabular area. 

 The ilia are long and narrow, with serrations in their anterior borders. 

 These bones are concaved in front, and present a dimple immediately 

 in advance of either acetabulum on this aspect. About their anterior 

 thirds they grasp the common neural spine of the sacrum between 

 them, thus creating closed ilio-neural canals. 



Posterior to the acetabulte, these bones present convex surfaces, 

 being drawn out behind into prominent processes that curve inwai-ds 

 towards each other and the median plane (see Figs. i6 and 17). 

 They develop outstanding ledges that overhang, on either side, the 

 anterior half of the ischiadic foramen. The sacrum does not unite 

 with the post-acetabular part of the ilia, a very marked interspace 

 existing between them. A double row of elliptical foramina standing 

 among the fused lateral processes further characterize this compound 

 bone. 



Ui)on a lateral view, the long and pointed ischium is presented to 

 us. Posteriorly it reaches nearly as far backwards as the })Ost-pubic 

 style (see Fig. 17), the latter being in contact with it near its termina- 

 tion. The pubic style does not quite close in the obturator foramen 



