218 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



Near Santo Antonio a band of quartz-gravel fifty meters wide 

 extends about parallel with the Rio Palhano at a distance of three 

 kilometers from it, and low slopes bordering the river are also partially 

 covered with similar gravel. 



Quartz-gravel borders the northern side of the valley land near 

 Limoeiro, but seems not to be suggestively located with respect to 

 the present stream-channels. Rio Jaguaribe and Rio Banabuiu each 

 has a sandy channel, from two hundred to three hundred meters wide, 

 cut from three to five meters deep in the alluvium of the valley. 



For several kilometers southwest of Angicos, and also between Pau 

 dos Ferros and Reservoir Sant' Anna angular quartz-gravel is scattered 

 over the surface, being apparently derived from numerous small 

 quartz veins which traverse the gneiss and schist. 



About eight kilometers south of Cratheiis rounded quartz-gravel 

 covers the surface for half a kilometer. The deposit is near a small 

 area of crystalline limestone of the Ceara Series, to which the gravel 

 may be related. 



Near the eastern border of Nazareth (northwest of Recife), there is 

 coarse gravel composed of quartz pebbles. Farther north, between 

 Cobe and Independencia, Dr. Branner observed gravels, partially 

 imbedded in the soil, which seem to belong with the sedimentary 

 series, which at that point overlies the bedrock.'*^ The gravels near 

 Nazareth may also be remnants of the coastal sedimentary beds. 



Dr. Branner also records the occurrence of gravels farther south in 

 Pernambuco, and in Alagoas, as follows:''^ "The country from the 

 Rio Sao Francisco at Pao d'Assucar to Aguas Bellas, in the State 

 of Pernambuco, and thence to Pedra Pintada, ten leagues northeast 

 of Aguas Bellas, is all of crystalline rocks, mostly granites, gneisses 

 and schists, with a few occurrences of marble. Over the surface of 

 these rocks are here and there patches of a thin layer of water-worn 

 materials of various sizes and mostly of quartz. The worn materials 

 are not confined to the stream-channels or to the valleys, but spread 

 alike over high as well as low ground." 



In the basin of the Rio Itapicurii between Queimadas and Jacobina 



^^ Geology of the Northeast Coast of Brazil, pp. 54-55. 



^6 On the Occurrence of Fossil Remains of Mammals in the Interior of the States of 

 Pernambuco and Alagoas, Brazil, by John C. Branner, Am. Jour. Sci., Feb., 1902, 

 P- 134- 



