SELECTION IN MAN. 175 



These unfortunates, who may be taken to represent 

 generally the quintessence of criminality, show a great 

 tendency to darkness in both eye and hair. This is per- 

 haps least marked in the Irish men, who also average more 

 than an inch in stature beyond the rest. No doubt a larger 

 proportion of them did not belong to the professional or 

 hereditary class. 



The subject of convict genealogy is a sore one with our 

 Australian cousins, who certainly did all they could to cut 

 off the current at its source by refusing to receive fresh 

 supplies. The (probably) prevalently blond types of the 

 free immigfrants seem to have asserted themselves victor- 

 iously. The typical bushman is tall, blond rather than dark, 

 and freckled. Of 35 Australasian deserters the index of 

 nigrescence was — 8'5 ; and the proportion of light eyes 57*1 

 per cent. 



Crimes of Violence. 



Light 

 Index. Eyes. Neutral. Dark. 



00 Tv/r 1 I English and ^Velsh, a few f ^ ^ ^ 



88 Males { ^ ,. - + 36*3 46-6 53-3 



(. Scots ) 



237 ,, • . " -+40-1 not stated 



{ including the above ) 



70 ,, Irishmen +42 60 2 37 



^ CRape, and similar offences.) , ^ o 



67 „ in M .• IV- (+37 62 38 



[ all Nationalities J 



In the last category both red and black hair are strongly 

 represented; in the others black, but not red. Nothing 

 like this is observable in any of the lists of criminals against 

 property or without violence ; and I do not think this dis- 

 crepancy can be accidental. The average stature in the 

 violent criminals seems to be good, but in many cases it is 

 estimated, not measured, and estimates of this kind are 

 more often in excess than otherwise. 



Yet another class of evil-doers, not precisely criminal, 

 however, may be found in the men discharged from the 

 army "with ignominy," or "as worthless and incorrigible". 

 A series of these, numbering 200, yielded me an index of 

 nigrescence of 7 per cent., and 63 of them had light eyes. 

 They evidently differ from the ordinary criminal classes : 



