192 SCIENCE PROGRESS. 



sphere. It is of interest to note that Zeiller has recognised 

 eleven species characteristic of the European Upper Coal 

 Measures from Carboniferous beds in the coal basin of 

 Tete in the Zambesi region/ We see, therefore, that 

 European Coal Measure species are met with in a region 

 far south of the typical Northern areas. From Tongking ^ 

 Glossopteris and other genera of plants have been recorded, 

 but the flora is probably of Rhstic age. 



From the above lists of fossils and brief descriptions, it 

 must be clear to any one who is but superficially acquainted 

 with the typical Permo-Carboniferous plants of Europe and 

 other parts of the Northern Hemisphere, that there is a strik- 

 ing contrast between the floras of this Geological Epoch in 

 Northern and Southern latitudes. In the former we have 

 Lepidodendra, SigillaricB, Calamines, Sphenophyllum, Peco- 

 ptcris, Neitropteins, Sphenopteris, and other well-known 

 genera ; in the latter these forms are for the most part 

 absent, and in their place the Glossopteris flora is met with. 

 On the other hand we have abundant evidence that several 

 European genera of plants were in existence in Southern 

 latitudes prior to the appearance of the Permo-Carboniferous 

 Glossopteris flora. In an important memoir by FeistmanteP 

 on Australian fossil plants, there are numerous figures of 

 European forms from. Lower Carboniferous and Devonian 

 Rocks. From the Mount Wyatt beds of Queensland, or 

 the Goonoo Goonoo beds of New South Wales and the 

 Iguana Creek beds of Victoria, plants have been obtained 

 indicative of an Upper Devonian or transitional horizon. 

 In New South Wales* and Queensland plants occur which 

 are referred to Lower Carboniferous European species. The 

 following may serve as examples illustrating the occurrence 

 in Australia of typical Carboniferous-Devonian species : — 



Lepidodendron australe, McCoy .^ Cordaites austratis, McCoy. 



L. nothum, Ung. Archceopteris ffowitti, McCoy. 



Z. Veltheitjiianiim, Sternb. Rhacopieris intermedia, Feist. 



Bothrodendrott {Cydostigmd) aus- R. Septemtrionalis, Feist. 

 trale, Feist. Etc. 



iZeiller(2). '-^Zeiller (i). ^ Feistmantel (4). See also Etheridge (i). 

 ^ Ross, etc. 5 McCoy and Etheridge (3). 



