82 Vererbung, Variation, Mutation. 



secured they ahvays produce dark silver pups. Successful breeding requires a 

 secluded locality because of extreme nervousness of tlie female. During the pro- 

 ductive period of nine years one pair of foxes will produce about 30 young. 



Pearl (Orono). 



219) Hays, W. M., Constructive Eugenics. In: Amer. Breeders' Mag., Vol. 

 III, Nr. 1, S. 5—10; Nr. 2, S. 113—119, 1912. 



The author conceives eugenic problems to be similar, broadly speaking, to 

 those of plant breeding and animal improvement. Two genetic facts to be squa- 

 rely faced are (l) the need of restraining from the function of reproduction the 

 genetically deficient classes and families, and (2) the loss of genetic values through 

 war. Much stress is laid upon the value of suburban and country life towards 

 producing healthy individuals, and suggestions for improving country life are 

 given. A theoretical scheme for mass improvement suggests the registration of 

 the general efficiency of families so that those families of high efficiency could 

 avoid marrying into those families where the genetic rating is low. 



Pearl (Orono). 



220) Ward, R. De C, Cur Immigration Lawa from the View Point of Euge- 

 nics. In: Amer. Breeders' Mag., Vol. III, Nr. 1, S. 20—26, 1912. 



221) Woods, F. A., Alternate Human Inheritance and Eugenics. In: 

 Amer. Breeders' Mag., Vol. lU, Nr. 1, S. 26— 28, 1912. 



An address given before the American Breeders' Association at Washington 

 in 1911. The author finds many traits of character to be alternative in descent. 

 High intellectual qualities alternate with lesser mentality or mediocrity or men- 

 tal deficiencies of a marked nature. Likewise distinct moral elevation alternates 

 with lower types. In the fact that these differences are not obliterated even 

 among those living in the same house and the same social atmosphere the author 

 finds a strong argument in favor of germ plasm causation and a support to the 

 advocates of eugenics. Pearl (Orono). 



222) Brownlee, S., On the Inheritance of Hair and Eye-colour. In: 

 Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, 32, 5, S. 458—474, 1913. 



A mathematical analysis of the data published by Beddoe, leading to 

 the following conclusions. (l) Many of Beddoe's populations are stable in 

 a Mendelian sense, i. e. the facts are in accord with Mendelian inheritance of 

 hair and eye-colour. (2) There is coupling between hair and eye-colour, the most 

 probable ratio of coupling being 9:1. (3) It is possible that the colour of the 

 hair has some other effect on eye-colour in addition to the coupling factor. 

 (4) The analysis gives no Suggestion of the presence of any race in Britain 

 which had different hair and eye relatiouships from those pertaining to the three 

 races generally considered to form the basis of the European population. 



Doncaster (Cambridge). 



223) Castle, W. E. and Simpson, Q. I., A family of spotted negroes. In: 

 Amer. Natural., Bd. 47, S. 50—56, figs. 4, 1913. 



Describes an interesting case of the origin and inheritance of Spotting in 

 a negro pedigree. The original spotted individual was born in Louisiana in 1853. 

 Her parents are said to have been both normally coloured negroes, and no spotted 

 negroes had previously existed in that region. She married a "medium dark" 

 negro, and of their 15 children 8 are spotted like the mother, 7 without spots 

 but varying in depth of colour, as is usual in mulatto families. Of the 15 children. 



