gg Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Organe. 



Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Orgaue. 



151) Heard, W. N., The Reaction between metallic salts and the so- 

 luble carbonates and its bearing upon the precipitation of protein. 

 In: Journ. of Physiol., Bd. XL VI, S. 105, 1913. 



Thorough dialysis of protein Solutions prevents their precipitation by metallic 

 salts. The production of an insoluble substance is the necessary condition in cau- 

 sing precipitation: the addition of small quantities of carbonates to the protein 

 Solutions sensitise them to the precipitant action of metallic salts. There are 

 reasons for believing that the precipitation of emulsoid proteins by metallic salts 

 depends on the presence of bicarbonates in the protein. Mines (Cambridge). 



152) Gerber, C. et Flourens, P., La trypsine de Calotropis proceraR.Br. 

 et le poison qui l'accompagne. In: C. R, Acad. Sc. Paris, Bd. 157, Heft 19, 

 S. 600 — 603, 1913. 



Le latex du Calolropis proccra R. Br. contient une trypsine tres active que 

 les auteurs ont prepare en separant le caoutchouc et en evaporant le serum 

 du latex. Cette diastase est tres fragile, mais resiste cependant bien ä l'action 

 de la chaleur. Elle appartient au type des ferments proteolytiques du lait bouilli. 

 En injection sous-cutanee, eile determine des phenomenes de digestion, accom- 

 pagnes de la mort chez certains animaux. 



La diastase est accompagnee d'un poison cardiaque, qui coexiste dans le 

 latex avec un ferment proteolytique comme cela a lieu dans le latex du Brousso- 

 neMa, qui contient un ferment curarisant. Chez le Broussonctia, la stabilite de la 

 pancreatine vis-ä-vis de l'alcool permet de la separer du poison, la grande labilite 

 du ferment proteolytique du Caloiropis vis-ä-vis de ce solvant du principe toxi- 

 que, Joint au caractere peu dialysable de ce dernier ne permet pas d'obtenir une 

 trypsine non privee de substance toxique. C. L. Gatin (Paris). 



/l53) Sartory, A. et Bainier, Gr., Etüde morphologique et biologique de deux 

 Penicillium nouveaux. (Especes thermophiles.) In: Bull. trim. Sog. mycolo- 

 gique de France, Bd. 2<J, Heft 3, S 367—377, 1913. 



II s'agit de deux especes nouvelles, P. repandum et P. hirsutum dont les auteurs 

 ont etudie la morpbologie et la biochimie sur divers milieux. C. L. Gatin (Paris). 



154) Baker, Sarah M., Quantitative experiments ou the effect of for- 

 maldehyde on living plants. In: Annais of Botauy, Bd. 27, S. 411 — 442, 

 PL 30 — 31, 4 Fig., 1913. 



Extensive experiments dealing with the problem of photosynthesis were 

 carried out with seedlings of cress, the seeds being germinated and grown in a 

 closed Chamber through which air was passed containing a measured amount of 

 formaldehyde vapour. The complex apparatus devised for this purpose is des- 

 cribed and the results discussed. It was found that the plant could make use of 

 formaldehyde to a limited extent in light, but not at all in darkness, a confirma- 

 tion of previous . results by Bouilhac and V. Gräfe. This miglit be due (l) to 

 the fact that, as many suppose, formaldehyde is the first step in photosynthesis 

 and its further elaboration requires light energy; or (2) formaldehyde might be 

 the last Step in respiration, being only used by the plants in photosynthesis 

 after it is converted into COg by the respiratory processes. 



It was further found that acetaldehyde could not be used by the plant in 

 tliis way for photosynthesis, though its poisonous action tends to retard respiration. 



To decide between (l) and (2) above, a series of experiments were carried 



