Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Organe. 247 



reduces the duration of the total electrical disturbance in the ventricle. But 

 slowing of the heart of itself tends to cliange these factors in the opposite sense. 

 The effects of sympathetic Stimulation are analysed in a similar way. The influence 

 of nerve Stimulation on the form of the ventricular electrogram indicates that 

 the nerves usually affect the base of the ventricle more than the apex. 



Min es. 

 64-9) Milies, Cr. ß., On Dynamic Equilibrium in the Heart. In: Journ. of 

 PhysioL, Bd. XLVI, S. 349, 1913. 



Experiments on the influence of frequency on the electrical response of the 

 heart show that witli increasing frequency of Stimulation each wave of excitation 

 is propagated more slowly but lasts a shorter time at any one point in the muscle. 

 The refractory phase is also shortened. Two new types of rhythm in heart 

 muscle are described — reciprocating excitations between two Chambers and circu- 

 lating excitations. Based on the latter a nevv^ view of the nature of fibrillation 

 is propounded. 



The relations between the changes in the electrocardigram due to altered 

 frequency of the heart beat and those produced by changes in the hydrogen ion 

 concentration of the fluid bathing the muscle are discussed. Autorreferat. 



650) Gunn, J. A., An apparatus for perfusing the mammalian heart. In: 

 Journ. of Physiol., Bd. XLVI, S. 506, 1913. 



A simplified form of the apparatus of Brodie and Cullis. Min es. 



651) Hill, A. V., The absolute mechauical efficiency of the contraction of 

 an isolated muscle. In: Journ. Physiol., Bd. XLVI, S. 435, 1913. 



An experimental and theoretical criticism of Fick's determination of the mechanical 

 efficiency of muscle shows the necessity of further investigation by improved methods. 

 Hill finds that in the isolated sartorius the mechanical efficiency may be as high as öO"/^. 



Mines. 



652) Evans, C. L., and Starling, E. H., The part played by the lungs in the 

 oxidative processes of the body. In: Journ. of Physiol., Bd. XLVI, S. 413, 1913. 



The lungs do not in any way complete oxidations partly carried through in other 

 tissues. The gas-metabolism of the blood-perfused lung is very steady. Mines. 



653) Orr, J. B. and Watsoil, A., Study of the respiratory mechanism 

 in the duck. In: Journ. of Physiol., Bd. XLVI, S. 337, 1913. 



In the duck, addition of COg (47o to 207o) ^° ^^^® inspired air causes marked 

 slowing of respiratory rhythm or complete apnoea. Same results were obtained 

 with etherised, decerebrate or hypnotised birds. Injection of lactic acid in many 

 cases produced slowing, in other cases no effect. 



Privation of oxygen causes acceleration of respiratory rhythm. The vagus 

 certains afferent fibres of great importance in the regulation of respiration. 



Mines. 



654) Milroy, T. H., The apnoeic pause. In: Quart. Journ. Exp. Physiol., Bd. VI, 

 S. 373, 1913. 



The apnoeic pause produced by excessive Ventilation of the lungs does not depend 

 on nervous influences. It may be cut short by injection of acid Solutions into the cen- 

 tral end of the carotid artery. The terminatiou of the apnoeic pause is usually brought 

 about by a rise in carbouic acid concentration in the centre. Mines. 



655) Kesson, J. E., The Elasticity of the Hollow Viscera. In: Quart. Journ. Exp. 

 Physiol., Bd. VI, S. 355, 1913. 



An extension of the observations of Mac William on the elastic properties of 

 arteries to other hollow viscera including various parts of the alimeutary tract, the 

 bladder and the heart of various animals. Mines. 



