234 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



best of these {Um'os and gasteropods) appeared to be in a lens or 

 pocket. In one place near the bottom of the exposure is a seam of 

 coal (about five feet in thickness), which is evidently superior to any 

 I had seen in this region. It does not readily disintegrate, being hard 

 on the weathered surface, is tough, and does not ^.ppear to contain 

 much ash but is composed principally of pure wood turned to coal. 



On approaching the vicinity of the Little Bad-lands the character 

 of the soil is seen to change. Scattered over the prairie are many flat 

 fragments of flinty rock, which contain impressions of rush-like plants. 

 On a ranch, where I spent the night, the walls of a long stable and 

 cow-shed are built of this rock, clay being used for mortar. The soil 

 is better here, and for the first time since leaving Mr. Roberts' ranch 

 I was near an inhabited dwelling. Here there are buttes, but they are 

 not flat-topped mesas like Black Butte and the Rainy Buttes, which I 

 had passed at a distance. They are in part at least of White River 

 age. 



The next day, having secured a comfortable place for myself and 

 horse, I began collecting in the Little Bad-lands, being careful to 

 keep distinct the fossils from the different levels. A section of the 

 beds is given in the geological report. As at the White Butte, there 

 are here three divisions : the lower gray beds, the middle nodular beds, 

 and the upper beds consisting of sandstones and clays ; but there are 

 local differences. The middle beds belong to the ' ' Oreodon ' ' horizon, 

 as is proven by an abundance of fossils. The deposits are quite differ- 

 ent from those of the Fort Union. Mr, and Mrs. Roberts had noticed 

 this difference, and it was their account of the region which induced 

 me to visit it. The exposures of the middle and upper beds are lim- 

 ited, but the lower beds, which probably belong to the Titanotherium 

 horizon, cover a quite extensive area both east and north of the Little 

 Bad-lands. A very prominent range of hills, about five or six miles 

 to the eastward, has the same topography and color as the White 

 River, but I did not have time to visit it. A large portion of the road 

 to Dickinson passes over rock of somewhat varying lithological char- 

 acters, different from the Fort Union beds, but very much resembling 

 Lower White River deposits in Montana. These deposits appear to 

 extend through the country west and north of Dickinson. 



On the Heart River, about a mile from Dickinson, is a hill where 

 the Dickinson Pressed' Brick and Fire Clay Company get the clay for 

 its fine brick. The beds of clay are not like anything I had observed 



