240 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



Early Tertiary and several of the horizons of the Upper Cretaceous are 

 exposed, but the exact limits of the exposures are in all cases unknown. 

 Some itinerary work has been done, and expeditions in search of fos- 

 sils have crossed it at various places. In the northern portion of the 

 state the exposures along the Milk River are principally of Judith 

 River age. At Haver these beds are well exposed, and they have been 

 traced by Hatcher and Stanton northward into the British possessions. 

 In the eastern portion of the state the Fort Union beds undoubtedly 

 cover an extensive territory. Farther west Mr. W, H. Utterback, 

 while searching for extinct reptiles for the Carnegie Museum, so he 

 has told me, orally, has traced extensive deposits of the Laramie 

 (Ceratops) horizon. Mr. Barnum Brown of the American Museum of 

 Natural History, has recently published a paper on " The Hell Creek 

 Beds of the Upper Cretaceous of Montana," which is of much interest 

 in connection with the study of the geology of this region. 



This vast territory is an elevated plain, which has not only been 

 subject to elevation in mass, but minor dislocations of the strata have 

 occurred. These upheavals, aided by atmospheric agencies, have led 

 to the exposure of rocks as old as the Pierre or Judith River forma- 

 tions in the eastern portion, and in the western portion near the moun- 

 tains those as ancient as the Jurassic are brought to the surface. There 

 are on the plains some isolated uplifts, where Paleozoic rocks are 

 exposed. 



As we proceed westward the gray- colored bad-lands can be seen 

 north of the Yellowstone River. In them are beds of lignite, the black 

 seams of which often suddenly give place to red strata where the lig- 

 nite has been burned. They have much the appearance of the bad- 

 lands of the Little Missouri River. The region is undoubtedly 

 destined to be of much interest to the geologist and paleontologist. 



The Region of Columbus, Montana. 



As previously planned, I stopped at Columbus, Montana, on my 

 western journey. Here with my friend Mr, Grant Irwin, who is a 

 keen observer, and with Mr. Hawkins, the cashier of the bank, who 

 has for years devoted most of his time to the study of the flora of 

 Montana and who is interested in the geology of the country, I made 

 some excursions in the region north of the Yellowstone in the vicinity 

 of Columbus. 



We first visited the high bluff which approaches the river west of 



