Henn: South American Pceciliid Fishes. 113 



II. Gambusia caliensis Eigenmann & Henn, sp. nov. 

 6700 a, C. M. Type, 9, 34 mm., length to base of caudal 28 mm. 



Cali, Colombia. Eigenmann. 

 6700 b, C. M. An immature specimen, 16 mm. From the same 



locality. 



In the absence of adult males the generic afifinities of this species are, 

 of course, uncertain. It has the mouth and dentition of Gambusia. 



Head 4.6; equal to the depth at the origin of the anal; depth of 

 caudal peduncle 7 in the length. Eye 3 in head; 1.5 in interorbital; 

 snout 1.5 in eye. D. 9; A. 10; P. 10; V. 6; 30 scales in a lateral series 

 with 2 on the base of the caudal; 7 in transverse series. There is a 

 median predorsal series of twelve scales; this series ceases within four 

 scales of the dorsal, where the rows of scales of the sides overlap. 

 Dorsal profile rising or curved to the middle of the total length, then 

 dipping to the dorsal; ventral profile much less curved. 



Origin of dorsal equidistant from the tip of the caudal and the 

 posterior margin of the orbit, or 1.6 times as distant from the anterior 

 margin of the orbit as from the base of the caudal. Dorsal inserted 

 over the last ray of the anal. Origin of anal about equidistant from 

 base of caudal and posterior margin of orbit. 



General coloration olivaceous, top of head and operculum darker. 

 Outlines of scales broadly margined with chromatophores. A faint 

 series of dusky, transverse bars. In the type, a pregnant female, the 

 abdomen is distended and underlaid with purplish black. 



Genus Diphyacantha* Henn, gen. nov. 



Teeth, very similar to those of Gambusia, i. e., an outer widely 

 spaced series of conical teeth; in immediate conjunction an inner 

 series of small, closely set, similar teeth. 



Anal in the males an elongate organ, equal in length to one-third 

 of the total length of the fish. The terminal portion of this intro- 

 mittent organ resembles that of Pcecilia and Pseudopcecilia; it differs 

 from these and other genera in the character of the first prolonged 

 ray, which lacks a prepuce, bears both dorsally and ventrally a sub- 

 terminal series of retrorse hooks, and terminates in a single appendage 

 or finger-like process. This, while much smaller, is median and 

 unpaired, as in Cnesterodon. 



* 8i.(t>vr]s = twofold; aKavOa, 17 = a spine, with reference to the bipartite struc- 

 ture of the hooked segments in the first prolonged ray of the male anal. 



