126 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



series of very faint, narrow, vertical bars appears on the sides, in one 

 of which the spot appears. 



Some variations from this general type of coloration occur. In the 

 series of seven specimens from Entre Rios, the caudal spot is entirely 

 lacking, faintly vermiculated bars taking its place. The same con- 

 dition prevails in a number of specimens from Raiz da Serra. 



In a series of twenty-one specimens from Mogy Guassu, this vari- 

 ation is considerable. These specimens have a series of oblong spots 

 extending along the sides, varying in number from seven to the usual 

 single spot. This latter spot always appears in the proper place. 

 Hardly two individuals are alike. 



In the two hundred and sixty-two mature specimens in these collec- 

 tions, there are fifty-five males and two hundred and seven females. 

 The sex ratio of this species, as here represented is thus i : 3.76. The 

 largest specimen, a pregnant female from Raiz da Serra, is 55 mm. in 

 total length. This specimen was opened and found to contain thirty- 

 nine well-developed embryos. The alimentary tract was about three 

 times as long as the entire fish and was filled with mud. 



On account of the confusion of this species with Phalloptychus 

 januarius, I have given the complete synonymy of the two species. 

 When males are present, there should be no confusion, since the struc- 

 ture of the anal fins is entirely different. 



Phallotorynus'*' Henn, gen. nov. 

 Allied to Phalloceros. Distinguished at once from all described 

 genera of the PoeciliidcB by the peculiar terminal organ of the anal 

 fin of the male, which resembles a garden trowel or scoop. Anal in 



Fig. 8. Phallolorynus fasciolatus Henn. Side view of anal fin of male. X 9-5' 

 No. 3753a, Carnegie Museum. Jacarehy, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 

 "'</)aXX6s, intromittent organ; ropiivr], trowel. 



