232 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



got specimens also at La Concepcion, Chirua, San Antonio, Pueblo 

 Viejo, and Palomina. Mr. Smith obtained a series at Valparaiso 

 (Cincinnati). It seems to be a bird of the Subtropical Zone, ranging 

 between 4,000 and 6,000 feet on the forest-clad slopes of the San 

 Lorenzo, but coming down as low as 2,000 feet in the Sierra Nevada 

 proper. It generally goes in pairs or small bands, sometimes high up 

 in the trees, sometimes lower down. It is noisy and active, very in- 

 quisitive, and not at all shy. 



174. Pteroglossus torquatus nuchalis Cabanis. 



Pteroglossus torquatus (not Ramphastos torquatus Gmelin) Salvin and God- 

 man, Ibis, 1880, 175 (Santa Marta and Minca). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. 

 Mus., XIX, 1891, 141 (Santa Marta and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta). — 

 Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, II, 1896, 555 (Santa Marta, in 

 range). — Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, 134 (" Santa 

 Marta ")• — Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIII, 1900, 133 (Bonda). — 

 Carriker, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VI, 1910, 574 (Santa Marta [region] ; crit.). 



Pteroglossus torquatus nuchalis Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, VI, 

 1914, 341 (Santa Marta references). 



Eleven specimens : Bonda, Don Diego, Mamatoco, Fundacion, Tu- 

 curinca, La Tigrera, and Santa Marta. 



Every one of these specimens shows the characters ascribed to this 

 form by Mr. Ridgway in his diagnosis when compared with Central 

 American examples. A skin from northern Venezuela, whence came 

 Cabanis' type-specimen, is similar, so that we find no difficulty in rec- 

 ognizing nuclialis, although it may be necessary to restrict the name to 

 the bird of these two regions alone. 



A species characteristic of the Tropical Zone, inhabiting the whole 

 of the lowlands, but only the lower reaches of the foothills. It is 

 perhaps more numerous in the semi-arid parts of the littoral area, al- 

 though fairly common also at Fundacion, on the other side of the 

 mountains. It is almost always seen in pairs or flocks of from four to 

 ten birds, and is not at all shy, and very inquisitive. Like all of the 

 family, it is strictly a fruit-eater. 



Ramphastos ambiguus abbreviates Cabanis. 



Rampliastos tocard (not of Vieillot?) Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1879, 206 



(Manaure). 

 Ramphastos ambiguus (not of Swainson) Sclater. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 



XIX, 1891, 128 (Manaure).— Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, VI, 



1914, 339 (Manaure, in range; ex Sclater). 



