1907.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 21 



turbccl witliiu the gall chambers, but Syrphus larva? at least attack 

 Chcrmes similis and Chermes montanus before they escape from then- 

 galls. The most destructive enemies of the Chermes that infest red 

 fir and pine in the neighborhood of Fort Collins is the 3'ello\v and 

 black lady-beetle, Hamionia picta, shown in Plate XI, figs. D, E. F. 



I wish especially to express my obligations to Miss Miriam A. Palmer 

 for her accurate and painstaking work in the preparation of the pen 

 drawings illustrating this paper. 



If in any case the measurements as given in the plates do not full}'^ 

 correspond with measurements as given in the text, the latter is to be 

 -taken as correct. 



Explanation of Plates I-XI. 



Plate I. — Chermes coole>/i, new species. — A, twig of blue spruce showing three 

 egg masses, natural size ; B and C, egg masses with waxy secretion removed, 

 X 8 times; D, two galls on a twig cut to show interior cavities, X 3- 

 (Photos by author.) 



Plate II. — Chermes cooleyi, new species. — A, two full-grown galls, natural size; 

 B, needles from iuil-grown galls showing enlarged bases; C, winged 

 female, beneath and at right of D winged female, ovipositing upon leaves 

 of red fir; D, an egg mass with female removed; E, gall cut to show that 

 each gall chamber has a complete wall shutting it off from all other 

 chambers. Figures of Uce much enlarged. (Photos bj- author.) 



Plate III. — Chermes cooleyi, new species. — A, hibernating stem-mother in winter, 

 X 85 times ; B and C, adult stem-mothers, dorsal and ventral views show- 

 ing wax glands, etc., X 6.5 diameters; D, eggs attached by threads, X 20 

 diameters; E, young from first brood of eggs, X 12.5 diameters; F, antenna 

 of adult, X 240 diameters; G, leg of adult, X 120 diameters; H, normal 

 leaf, and I, leaves from gall, all enlarged three times. (Miriam A. Palmer, 

 artist.) 



Plate IV. — Chermes cooleyi, new species. — A, winged female, X 26 diameters, 

 showing wax glands of dorsal surface; B, the same with wings closed 

 lading eggs, X 20 diameters; C, antenna of same, X 200 diameters; D, 

 egg mass of same, X 30 diameters. (Miriam A. Palmer, artist.) 



Plate V. — Chermes cooleyi var. coiceni, new variety. — A and A, hibernating 

 stem-mothers beginning to grow in spring, X 20 diameters; B, sprig 

 of red fir showing wiiite egg masses, slightly reduced; C, sprig of red fir 

 showing curled leaves of new growth wiiere young lice are locating, 

 natural size; D, egg clusters of preceding, X 15 diameters. (Photos by 

 author.) 



Plate VI. — Cherines cooleyi var. coweni, new variety. — A, apterous cottony 

 covered female and her hil^ernating young, the last of June, X S diam- 

 eters; A', hibernating young lacking dorsal wax threads, X 50 diam- 

 eters; B and C, dorsal "and ventral views of adult hibernating female 

 showing wax glands, etc., X 45 diameters; D, leg X 60 diameters; E, 

 antenna, X 240 diameters; F, pupa, X 40 diameters. (Miriam A. 

 Palmer, artist.) 



