14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Jan., 



abdomen there are three longitudinal rows upon either side, the middle 

 row being quite small and occurring only upon segments 2 to 6. 

 The inner rows occur upon segments 1 to 6, and the lateral rows 

 upon segments 1 to 8. In a large series considerable variation 

 will be found in the number of these glands, as some of the smaller 

 patches often are wanting. I have found this form developing on the 

 red jfir only. 



The distinguishing characters are the short stout beak, the small 

 size and large pores of the dorsal glands, and the large size of the gland 

 patches between the antennse in the apterous form and the robust 

 antenna and small sensoria of the winged form. 

 Chermes montanus n. sp. 



On July 20, 1906, Mr. Harley F. Wilson collected galls of what seems 

 undoubtedly to be a new species of Chermes at Victor, Colorado, at an 

 altitude of about 9,000 feet. The inmates had already left some of the 

 galls and from others they were just emerging. The writer visited the 

 locality August 5 following, to determine what spruces these galls 

 occur upon, and found them upon blue spruce only. On the same trees 

 with them were old and new galls of Chermes cooleiji. 



The galls (PI. YII, fig. C) are cone-shaped, from three-fourths to 

 more than one inch in length, and are a modified development of the 

 new growth at the tip of a twig. Each needle, instead of thickening 

 as in case of the galls of cooleyi, broadens in the middle and becomes 

 concave on the inner or axillary surface. The broadened portion may 

 include nearly the entire needle at the base of the gall, but towards 

 the tip the broadened part extends a less distance from the base. The 

 stem from which the needles arise is little if any swollen. The lice 

 cause the death of the end of the twig, and as the tissue dies and begins 

 to dry the modified leaves open so that the lice readily escape. Because 

 of the loose structure of these galls Syrphus larvse prey freely upon the 

 lice. 



Pupa. — The pupse seem darker in color than those of cooleyi, but 

 othei'wise I cannot see that they are specially different. 



Winged Adult. — When the pupal skin is first cast, the wing pads 

 are yellow in color instead of green as in cooleyi, and the costal and sub- 

 costal nerves retain the same color after the wings unfold. The length 

 of the body varies between 1.5 and 2.2 millimeters. The color 

 is a reddish brown, abdomen rust brown, antennae and legs dusky, 

 wings normal, hind wings with one cross vein, and slightly 

 smoky. Antennse (PI. XI, fig. A) five-jointed, joints rather stout and 

 somewhat more enlarged at distal ends than in cooleyi, the striations 



