1907.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF rUlLADELI'HIA. 9 



Adult Apterous Female (PI. Ill, figs. B. C).— Fully grown examples 

 measure 1 to 1.5 mm. in length by .8 to 1.2 mm. in width. The color 

 is a dark rusty brown, and the entire dorsal surface is mottled with dark 

 spots, representing the wax glands which occur upon all segments but 

 the last. The arrangement of these glands is about as follows : On the 

 head, nearly a continuous line of the gland pores on anterior margin, 

 and two patches on a side near the hind margin; on the segments of the 

 thorax and abdomen there are three glands on a side, but segments 5 

 to 8 of the abdomen have the patches more or less united, especially 

 in the dorsal rows. The other glands of the dorsum have pores quite 

 uniform in size and rather small (compare with var. coweni, PI. VI, 

 fig. B). On the ventral surface there is a pair of small patches upon 

 the head caudad to the bases of the antennae, and another pair of about 

 the same size just in front of the middle coxse. The antennse (PL 

 III, fig. F) are very small, about as long as the femora of the front 

 pair of legs, or .14 mm., first and second joints short and stout and of 

 about equal lengths, third nearly cylindrical and nearly twice as long 

 as joints one and two combined, and with tw^o tactile hairs at the tip. 

 Legs (PL III, fig. G) short, rather weak, tarsi two-jointed, the basal 

 one very short and appearing as a short piece on the under side. 



Eggs. — The eggs are light amber yellow at fiirst covered with a white 

 powder. They are attached each by a silken thread and the whole 

 mass clings together, so that it is difficult to separate a few from the 

 general mass (PL I, fig. C). Before hatching, the eggs darken some 

 and the eyes of the embryo show- plainly through the shell as two dark 

 spots. Length, .3 mm., width .17 mm. ; good average size of egg-cluster, 

 2 mm. 



Pupa. — The pupse, when they first leave the galls, are of a uniform 

 rusty brow'n color throughout, lightly dusted with a white powder. On 

 leaving the gall, they walk out upon the leaves, come to rest, and in a 

 short time the pupal skin splits over the head and thorax, and in a few 

 minutes more the adult emerges. At first it is shining rufous in appear- 

 ance with the wings deep green, which color is quite marked for some 

 time after the wings are fully unfolded. This process takes about ten 

 minutes. The costal nerve is light yellow from the first. 



Winged Female (Pis. II, IV and XI). — The winged female is bright 

 shining rufous at first, but by the time the wings are spread the eyes 

 are black, and a few hours later the head and mesothorax are black 

 also. The other portions gradually become darker, the abdomen 

 retaining the rusty color longest. In about an hour after the pupal 

 skin is shed the white secretion begins to show^ over the wax glands 



